Linux ndi dzina limodzi la banja la magwero opangira magwero otsegula molingana ndi Linux kernel. Pali magawo ambiri omwe amagawidwa potengera izi. Zonsezi, monga lamulo, zimaphatikizapo zofunikira, mapulogalamu, komanso zatsopano zina. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito malo osiyanasiyana apakompyuta ndi zowonjezera, zofunika pa kachitidwe ka msonkhano uliwonse ndizosiyana pang'ono, chifukwa chake pali chifukwa chofotokozera. Lero tikufuna kukambirana za magawo omwe ali ovomerezeka, monga mwachitsanzo magawidwe otchuka kwambiri pakalipano.
Zofunikira pamakina onse pazogawa zosiyanasiyana za Linux
Tidzayesa kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zofunikira za msonkhano uliwonse, poganizira momwe zingasinthidwe malo a desktop, chifukwa nthawi zina zimakhudza zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opareting'i sisitimu kwambiri. Ngati simunaganizire zogawa pano, tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge nkhani yotsatirayi, komwe muphunzire zonse zomwe mukufuna pamisonkhano ikuluikulu ya Linux, ndipo tidzapita kukawunika magawo a zida zabwino kwambiri.
Werengani komanso: Maofesi Otchuka a Linux
Ubuntu
Ubuntu amatengedwa moyenera kuti ndiye mtundu wa Linux wotchuka kwambiri ndipo amalimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba. Tsopano zosintha zimatulutsidwa mwachangu, nsikidzi zimakonzedwa ndipo OS ndiyokhazikika, kotero imatha kutsitsidwa mosamala kwaulere ndikuyiyika payokha komanso pafupi ndi Windows. Mukatsitsa Ubuntu wovomerezeka, mumupeza mu chipolopolo cha Gnome, ndichifukwa chake timapereka zofunika zotengedwa kuchokera pagulu lovomerezeka.
- 2 kapena kuposa gigabytes a RAM;
- Pulogalamu wapakati wama processor osasintha pafupipafupi a 1.6 GHz;
- Khadi ya kanema yokhala ndi dalaivala yoyimikidwa (kuchuluka kwa kukumbukira kwakeko sikuli ndi kanthu);
- Malo ocheperako a 5 GB a disk hard disk kuti akhazikitse ndi 25 GB yaulere ya malo ena osungirako.
Izi ndizofunikira pa zipolopolo - Umodzi ndi KDE. Ponena za Openbox, XFCE, Mate, LXDE, Kuunikira, Fluxbox, IceWM - mutha kugwiritsa ntchito 1 GB ya RAM ndi purosesa yopanga single ndi liwiro la wotchi ya 1.3 GHz kapena kupitirira apo.
Linux Mint
Linux Mint nthawi zonse imalimbikitsidwa kwa oyamba kuti adziwe bwino magawidwe othandizira. Nyumbayi idakhazikitsidwa pa Ubuntu, kotero kachitidwe komwe kalivomerezedwaku kofanana ndendende ndi zomwe mudawerengazi pamwambapa. Zofunikira ziwiri zatsopano ndi khadi la kanema yothandizira osachepera 1024x768 resolution ndi 3 GB ya RAM ya chipolopolo cha KDE. Ochepera amawoneka motere:
- x86 purosesa (32-bit). Pa mtundu wa OS, 64-bit, motsatana, umafuna CPU ya 64, mtundu wa 32-bit utha kugwira ntchito zonse pazida za x86 ndi 64-bit;
- Osachepera 512 megabytes a RAM a zipolopolo za Cinnamon, XFCE, ndi MATE, ndi zochulukirapo 2 za KDE;
- Kuchokera pa 9 GB yaulere pagalimoto;
- Makina aliwonse azithunzi omwe driver amayikirako.
OS OS
Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amawona kuti OS OS ndi imodzi mwabwino kwambiri. Madivelopa amagwiritsa ntchito chipolopolo chawo chomwe chimatchedwa Phanteon, chifukwa chake amapereka zosowa zamakina makamaka patsikuli. Palibe zambiri patsamba lawebusayiti lokhudza zofunikira zochepa, motero tikukulimbikitsani kuti muzidziwitsa okha omwe ali ovomerezeka.
- Purosesa ya Intel Core i3 ya m'badwo wina waposachedwa (Skylake, Kaby Lake kapena Coffee Lake) yokhala ndi zomangamanga 64, kapena CPU ina iliyonse yofanana ndi mphamvu;
- Ma gigabytes 4 a RAM;
- SSD-drive ndi 15 GB yaulere malo - ichi ndi chitsimikiziro cha wopanga, komabe, OS idzagwira ntchito mokwanira ndi HDD yabwino;
- Intaneti yogwira;
- Khadi ya kanema yothandizidwa ndikuyesa osachepera 1024x768.
CentOS
Wogwiritsa ntchito wamba wa CentOS sangakhale ndi chidwi, chifukwa opanga adasinthira makamaka maseva. Pali mapulogalamu ambiri othandizira, zosungira zosiyanasiyana zimathandizidwa, ndipo zosintha zimayikidwa zokha. Zofunikira pakadali pano ndizosiyana pang'ono ndi magawa am'mbuyomu, chifukwa eni seva aziziwona.
- Palibe chithandizo kwa ma processor 32-bit kutengera kapangidwe ka i386;
- Kuchuluka kwa RAM ndi 1 GB, kuchuluka komwe kumalimbikitsidwa ndi 1 GB pa purosesa iliyonse;
- 20 GB yaulere pagalimoto yanu kapena pa SSD yanu;
- Kukula kwakukulu kwa fayilo ya ext3 ndi 2 TB, ext4 ndi 16 TB;
- Kukula kwakukulu kwa fayilo ya ext3 ndi 16 TB, ext4 ndi 50 TB.
Wachikunja
Sitingathe kuphonya makina ogwiritsa ntchito a Debian m'nkhani yathu lero, chifukwa ndiokhazikika kwambiri. Anamuyang'anitsitsa zolakwa, onse amachotsedwa mwachangu ndipo tsopano kulibe. Zofunikira mwadongosolo ndizazademokalase, kotero Debian mu chipolopolo chilichonse amagwira ntchito bwino ngakhale pazinthu zopanda mphamvu.
- 1 gigabyte ya RAM kapena 512 MB popanda kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu a desktop;
- 2 GB ya free disk space kapena 10 GB ndi kukhazikitsa pulogalamu yowonjezera. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kugawa malo osungira mafayilo anu;
- Palibe zoletsa pa ma processor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- Khadi ya kanema yomwe imathandizira woyendetsa woyenera.
Lubuntu
Lubuntu amadziwika kuti ndiwogawa yopepuka kwambiri, chifukwa palibe kuchotsera komwe kumagwira ntchito. Msonkhanowu ndi woyenera osati kwa eni makompyuta ofooka, komanso kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi kuthamanga kwa OS. Lubuntu amagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe aulere a LXDE aulere, omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu. Zofunikira pazofunikira machitidwe ndi izi:
- 512 MB ya RAM, koma ngati mugwiritsa ntchito msakatuli, ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi 1 GB yogwiritsira ntchito bwino;
- Pulogalamu ya processor Pentium 4, AMD K8 kapena kuposa apo, yokhala ndi wotchi yopitilira 800 MHz;
- Mphamvu yakuyendetsa mkati ndi 20 GB.
Gentoo
Gentoo imakopa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi chidwi chofufuza momwe angapangire makina othandizira, akuchita njira zina. Msonkhanowu sioyenera wogwiritsa ntchito novice, popeza amafunika kuwonjezera ndikusintha kwa zinthu zina, komabe timadzipereka kuti mudziwe zomwe mwakhala mukufunikira.
- Purosesa yochokera pamangidwe a i486 kapena apamwamba;
- 256-512 MB ya RAM;
- 3 GB ya free disk disk ya kukhazikitsa OS;
- Kuyang'ana fayilo kuchokera 256 MB kapena kupitilira.
Manjaro
Omaliza akufuna kulingalira pamsonkhanowu, womwe ukutchuka, wotchedwa Manjaro. Imagwira pa chilengedwe cha KDE, imakhala ndi pulogalamu yokhazikitsa zojambulajambula, sizifunikira kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza zina. Zofunikira pa kachitidwe zili motere:
- 1 GB ya RAM;
- Osachepera 3 GB ya danga pazofalitsa;
- Purosesa yapakati-pawiri yokhala ndi wotchi pafupipafupi ya 1 GHz kapena kupitirira;
- Intaneti yogwira;
- Khadi ya kanema yothandizidwa ndi zithunzi za HD.
Tsopano mukudziwa zofunikira za hardware za magawo asanu ndi atatu otchuka a machitidwe ogwiritsa ntchito a Linux. Sankhani njira yabwino potengera ntchito zanu ndi zomwe mwawona lero.
