Konzani pulogalamuyo panokha

Zinthu monga kukhazikitsa rauta lero ndi nthawi imodzi ntchito zodziwika bwino, zovuta zodziwika kwambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimakonda mwazosankha mu Yandex ndi Google. Patsamba langa, ndalemba kale malangizo opitilira khumi ndi angapo a momwe mungapangire ma routers osiyanasiyana, okhala ndi firmware yosiyanasiyana ndi othandizira osiyanasiyana.

Komabe, ambiri akukumana ndi vuto pomwe kusaka pa intaneti sikupereka zotsatira za mlandu wawo. Zifukwa za izi zitha kukhala zosiyana kotheratu: mlangizi m'sitolo, atadzudzulidwa ndi woyang'anira, akukupatsani mwayi kuti mukhale amodzi mwa mitundu yomwe simunayanjidwe, ndalama zotsalira zomwe zimayenera kutayidwa; Mukualumikizidwa ndi othandizira omwe palibe amene amadziwa za iwo ndipo sakulongosola momwe mungapangire mawonekedwe a Wi-Fi pa icho. Zosankha ndizosiyana.

Mwanjira ina iliyonse, ngati muimbira foni wizard wothandizirana, ndiye kuti, atakumba kwakanthawi, ngakhale kwa nthawi yoyamba atakumana ndi rauta iyi ndi wopereka thandizo lanu, adzatha kulumikiza kulumikizidwa koyenera ndi intaneti yopanda waya. Kodi amachita bwanji? Pazonse, ndizosavuta - ndikokwanira kudziwa mfundo zina ndikumvetsetsa momwe kasinthidwe ka rauta ndi zomwe akuyenera kuchita kuti apange.

Chifukwa chake, uwu suli malangizo kuti akhazikitse mtundu wina wa rauta yopanda zingwe, koma chitsogozo kwa iwo omwe angafune kuphunzitsira momwe angapangire rauta iliyonse kwa opereka intaneti pawokha.

Malangizo atsatanetsatane amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi operekera angapezeke. apa.

Kukhazikitsa rauta ya mtundu uliwonse kwa wopereka aliyense

Tiyeneranso kunena ndemanga pamutuwu: zimachitika kuti kukhazikitsa rauta ya mtundu winawake (makamaka waosowa kapena wotulutsidwa kuchokera kumaiko ena) kwa othandizira ena sikungatheke. Palinso ukwati, kapena zifukwa zakunja - mavuto a chingwe, magetsi amagetsi ndi mabwalo amfupi, ndi ena. Koma, mu 95% ya milandu, kumvetsetsa momwe imagwirira ntchito ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, mutha kusintha chilichonse mosasamala zida komanso kampani yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito intaneti.

Chifukwa chake, zomwe titulukire mu kalozera uyu:

• Tili ndi rauta yogwira ntchito yomwe imafunika kukonzedwa
• Pali kompyuta yomwe imalumikizidwa pa intaneti (mwachitsanzo, kulumikizidwa kwa netiweki kumapangidwa ndikugwira ntchito popanda rauta)

Dziwani mtundu wolumikizana

Ndizotheka kuti mukudziwa kale mtundu womwe wolumikizira amagwiritsa ntchito. Izi zitha kupezekanso patsamba la kampani yomwe ikupatsa intaneti. Njira ina, ngati kulumikizidwa kwapangidwa kale pa kompyuta payokha, onani kuti ndi yolumikizira yanji.

Mitundu yolumikizidwa kwambiri ndi PPPoE (mwachitsanzo, Rostelecom), PPTP ndi L2TP (mwachitsanzo, Beeline), Dynamic IP (Dilesi ya IP ya Dynamic, mwachitsanzo pa intaneti) ndi Static IP (IP adilesi ya IP - nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maofesi).

Kuti mudziwe mtundu wa kulumikizidwa komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pakompyuta yomwe ilipo, ndikokwanira kupita mndandanda wazolumikizana ndi kompyuta ndi kulumikizana komwe kumagwira (mu Windows 7 ndi 8 - Control Panel - Network and Sharing Center - Sinthani adapter; mu Windows XP - Panel Zolamulira - Maulalo a Network) ndipo yang'anani kulumikizidwa kwa ma netiweki.

Zosankha pazomwe tikuwona ndi ma waya wolumikizidwa ndi pafupifupi izi:

1. Kulumikizana kumodzi kumodzi kwa LAN kukugwira ntchito;
2. Kulumikizana kogwiritsa ntchito kudzera pa netiweki yakumidzi komanso chinthu chimodzi - Kuthamanga kwambiri, kulumikizana kwa VPN, dzinali silikhala ndi vuto lililonse, limatha kutchedwa chilichonse chomwe mungafune, koma chofunikira kwambiri ndi chakuti magawo ena olumikizidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulowa pa intaneti pa kompyuta, zomwe tiyenera kudziwa kwa kasinthidwe kotsatira rauta.

Poyamba, ife, mwachiwonekere, tikulimbana ndi kulumikizana monga Dynamic IP, kapena Static IP. Kuti mudziwe, muyenera kuyang'ana mawonekedwe a kulumikizidwa kwa LAN. Timadina pachizindikiro cholumikizana ndi batani loyenera la mbewa, dinani "Katundu". Kenako, pamndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kulumikizana, sankhani "Internet Protocol Version 4 IPv4" ndikudina "Properties" kachiwiri. Ngati tiwona mu malo omwe adilesi ya IP ndi ma adilesi a seva a DNS amaperekedwa okha, ndiye kuti timatha kulumikizana ndi IP yamphamvu. Ngati manambala alipo, ndiye kuti tili ndi adilesi ya ipic ndipo posinthira makina anu a rauta muyenera kuilembanso manambala kwinakwake, abwera.

Mlandu wachiwiri, tili ndi mtundu wina wolumikizana. Mwambiri, ndi PPPoE, PPTP kapena L2TP. Apanso, titha kuwona mtundu wa kulumikizidwa komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu za kulumikizanazi.

Chifukwa chake, kukhala ndi chidziwitso cha mtundu wamalumikizidwe (timaganiza kuti mukudziwa zambiri za dzina lolowera ndi mawu achinsinsi, ngati mukufuna kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti), mutha kupitiliza kukhazikitsa.

Kuphatikiza Kwanjira

Musanayambe kulumikiza rautayi pakompyuta, sinthani makina alumikizidwe a LAN kuti adilesi ya IP ndi DNS ipezeke yokha. Komwe makonda awa adalembedwa pamwambapa pankhani yolumikizana ndi adilesi yama IP komanso yamphamvu.

Ma routers ambiri ali ndi cholumikizira chimodzi kapena zingapo zosayinidwa ndi LAN kapena Ethernet, ndi cholumikizira chimodzi chasainidwa ndi WAN kapena intaneti. Chingwe chikuyenera kulumikizidwa ku umodzi wa ma LAN, kumapeto kwake kumalumikizidwa ndi cholumikizira cholumikizana ndi khadi la kompyuta. Chingwe cha othandizira anu pa intaneti chikugwirizana ndi intaneti. Timalumikiza rauta ndi magetsi.

Kuwongolera kwa Wi-Fi rauta

Mitundu ina ya rauta imabwera ndi mapulogalamu omwe adapangidwa kuti azithandizira kukhazikitsa rauta. Komabe, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti nthawi zambiri pulogalamuyi imangothandiza kukhazikitsa kulumikizana ndi opereka akuluakulu pamgulu la feduro. Tidzasinthira rauta pamanja.

Pafupifupi rauta iliyonse imakhala ndi gulu lowongolera lomwe limakupatsani mwayi kuti mukwaniritse zosowa zonse zofunika. Kuti mulowetse, ndikokwanira kudziwa adilesi ya IP komwe muyenera kulumikizana, kulowa ndi mawu achinsinsi (ngati wina adakonza kale rautayo, ndiye kuti akuyenera kukhazikitsanso magawo ake kuti azikonza mafakitoni musanayambe, pomwe nthawi zambiri pamakhala batani la RESET). Nthawi zambiri adilesi iyi, malowedwe achinsinsi ndi mawu achinsinsi zimalembedwa pa rauta yokha (pazomata kumbuyo) kapena zolembedwa zomwe zimabwera ndi chipangizocho.

Ngati palibe zambiri zotere, ndiye kuti adilesi ya rautayi ikhoza kupezeka motere: thamangani mzere wotsogola (malinga kuti rauta ili yolumikizidwa kale ndi kompyuta), ikani lamulo ipconfig, ndikuyang'ana pa chipata chachikulu cholumikizirana pa netiweki yamderalo kapena Ethernet - adilesi ya chipata chino ndi adilesi ya rauta. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala 192.168.0.1 (D-Link routers) kapena 192.168.1.1 (Asus ndi ena).

Ponena za malowedwe olowera ndi achinsinsi olowera pagulu la oyang'anira rauta, chidziwitsochi chitha kusaka pa intaneti. Zosankha zomwe ndizodziwika ndi izi:

Zogwiritsa ntchito	Achinsinsi
admin	admin
admin	(chopanda)
admin	pochitika
admin	1234
admin	chinsinsi
muzu	admin
Ndi ena ...

 

Tsopano popeza tikudziwa adilesi, dzina laulere ndi mawu achinsinsi, yambitsani msakatuli aliyense ndikulowetsa adilesi ya rauta, motero, mu barilesi. Tikafunsidwa za izi, lowetsani dzina lolowera achinsinsi kuti mupeze zoikamo zawo ndikufika patsamba loyang'anira.

Ndalemba gawo lotsatira za zomwe ndichite kenako ndi momwe kasinthidwe ka rautayo aliri, kuti nkhani imodziyo ikwanira.