Kupanga magirafu odalirika mu Microsoft Excel

Limodzi mwa zovuta za masamu ndikukonzekera kudalira. Zimawonetsa kudalira kwa ntchito pakusintha mkangano. Pepala, njirayi siivuta nthawi zonse. Koma zida za Excel, ngati zimasamalidwa bwino, zimakupatsani mwayi wogwira ntchitoyi molondola komanso mwachangu. Tiyeni tiwone momwe izi zitha kuchitidwira pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri yolowera.

Ndondomeko ya Ndondomeko

Kudalira kwa ntchito pamkangano ndi kudalira kwakukulu kwa algebraic. Nthawi zambiri, ndichizolowezi kuwonetsa kutsutsana komanso kufunika kwa ntchito ndi otchulidwa: "x" ndi "y", motsatana. Nthawi zambiri muyenera kuwonetsa moyenera kutsimikizika kwa kutsutsana ndi ntchito, zomwe zalembedwa pagome, kapena zoperekedwa ngati gawo la formula. Tiyeni tiwone zitsanzo zenizeni zopanga chithunzi (tchati) pansi pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Njira 1: pangani chida chodalira potengera data patebulo

Choyamba, tiunika momwe tingapangire chithunzi chodalira kutengera idatha yomwe idalowe kale patsamba. Timagwiritsa ntchito tebulo la kudalira kwa njira yoyendera (y) panthawi (x).

1. Sankhani tebulo ndikupita ku tabu Ikani. Dinani batani Tchatizomwe zimakhala zachitukuko m'gulululi Ma chart pa tepi. Kusankhidwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma graph kumatsegulidwa. Zolinga zathu, timasankha zosavuta. Ndiye woyamba pamndandandandawo. Dinani pa izo.



2. Pulogalamuyi imatulutsa tchati. Koma, monga tikuwona, mizere iwiri imawonetsedwa pamalo omangapo, pomwe timafunikira imodzi yokha: kuwonetsa kudalira kwa njirayo panthawi. Chifukwa chake, sankhani chingwe cha buluu ndi batani lakumanzere ("Nthawi"), popeza sizikugwirizana ndi ntchitoyi, ndikudina batani Chotsani.



3. Chingwe chomwe chikuwonetsedwa chikuchotsedwa.

Kwenikweni, pamenepa, kumanga kwa graph yosavuta kwambiri kudalira kungaganizidwe kumalizidwa. Ngati mungafune, muthanso kusintha dzina la tchati, nkhwangwa zake, kufufuta nthanoyo ndikusintha zina. Izi zikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane muphunziro lopatula.

Phunziro: Momwe mungapangire dongosolo mu Excel

Njira 2: pangani mawonekedwe odalira ndi mizere yambiri

Mtundu wovuta kwambiri wopanga chithunzi chodalira ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito ziwiri nthawi imodzi. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kupanga mizere iwiri. Mwachitsanzo, tengani tebulo momwe ndalama zonse za bizinesi ndi phindu lake zimapangidwira zaka zambiri.

1. Sankhani tebulo lonse ndi mutu.



2. Monga momwe zinalili kale, dinani batani Tchati mu gawo la tchati. Apanso, sankhani kusankha koyamba mndandanda womwe ukutsegulira.



3. Pulogalamuyi imatulutsa chiwembu molingana ndi zomwe zalandira. Koma, monga momwe tikuwonera, pankhaniyi tili ndi mzere wachitatu wowonjezera, komanso mawonekedwe omwe ali pamlingo wolumikizira wolondola sagwirizana ndi omwe amafunikira, omwe, dongosolo la zaka.

   Chotsani mzere wambiri. Ndi mzere wowongoka m'fanizo ili - "Chaka". Monga momwe munasinthira kale, sankhani mzereyo podina ndi mbewa ndikudina batani Chotsani.



4. Chingwe chimachotsedwa ndipo ndi icho, monga mukuwonera, zomwe zimakhazikika pazogwirizanitsa zimasinthidwa. Amakhala olondola kwambiri. Koma vuto ndi kuwonetsa kolakwika kwa axis yolinganiza ikadalipobe. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, dinani pamalo omangira ndi batani la mbewa yoyenera. Pazosankha muyenera kusiya kusankha komwe kuli "Sankhani zambiri ...".



5. Tsamba losankha magwero limatsegulidwa. Mu block Chizindikiro cha nkhwangwa yopingasa dinani batani "Sinthani".



6. Zenera limatsegukira ngakhale laling'ono kuposa lakale. Mmenemo, muyenera kufotokozera zogwirizanitsa zomwe zili patebulo la mfundo zomwe ziyenera kuwonetsedwa pa axis. Pachifukwachi, ikani cholozera m'munda wokha wa zenera ili. Kenako gwiritsani batani lamanzere lamanzere ndikusankha zonse zomwe zalembedwa "Chaka"kupatula dzina lake. Adilesiyi imawonetsedwa nthawi yomweyo m'munda, dinani "Zabwino".



7. Kubwereranso ku zenera la kusankha magwero a data, dinaninso "Zabwino".



8. Pambuyo pake, ma graph onse omwe amaikidwa papepala amawonetsedwa molondola.

Njira 3: Kukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito magawo osiyanasiyana

Munjira yapita, tinaganiza zopanga chithunzi ndi mizere ingapo pa ndege yomweyo, koma ntchito zonse zinali ndi magawo ofanana (ma ruble chikwi). Zoyenera kuchita ngati mukufunika kupanga magalasi odalirika pamunsi pa tebulo limodzi, momwe magawo a ntchitoyo amasiyana? Ku Excel pali njira yotithandizira.

Tili ndi tebulo lomwe limafotokoza za kuchuluka kwa malonda a chinthu china matani ndi ndalama kuchokera pakugulitsa kwake ma ruble zikwizikwi.

1. Monga momwe zinaliri m'mbuyomu, timasankha zonse zomwe zili pagululo komanso mutu.



2. Dinani batani Tchati. Ndiponso, sankhani njira yoyamba yomanga pamndandanda.



3. Zithunzi zojambula zimakhazikitsidwa pamalo omangira. Mwanjira yomweyo yomwe idafotokozeredwa m'matembenuzidwe am'mbuyo, chotsani mzere wowonjezera "Chaka".



4. Monga momwe tidalankhulira kale, tiyenera kuwonetsa zaka pazolowera bwino. Timadina pamalo omanga ndikusankha njira pamndandanda wazomwe ungachite "Sankhani zambiri ...".



5. Pazenera latsopano, dinani batani "Sinthani" mu block "Signature" nkhwangwa yopingasa.



6. Pa zenera lotsatira, kuchita zomwezo zomwe zimafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane ndi njira yapita, timalowa pazolowera "Chaka" kupita kuderalo Axis Label Range. Dinani "Zabwino".



7. Pobwerera pazenera lapitalo, timasinthanso batani "Zabwino".



8. Tsopano tiyenera kuthana ndi vuto lomwe sitinakumaneko ndi zomangamanga kale, ndilo vuto la kusiyana kwamayunitsi. Inde, mukuvomera kuti sangakhale pagawo limodzi la magawo, omwe nthawi yomweyo amatanthauza ndalama (ma ruble chikwi) ndi misa (matani). Kuti tithane ndi vutoli, tiyenera kupanga zitsulo zina zamagulu owongoka.

   M'malo mwathu, kuti tisonyeze ndalama, timasiya nkhwangwa yomwe ili kale, ndi mzere "Kuchuluka kwama malonda" pangani othandizira. Dinani pamzerewu ndi batani la mbewa yoyenera ndikusankha njira kuchokera pamndandanda "Mtundu wapa data ...".



9. Zenera la mtundu lazithunzi limayamba. Tiyenera kupita ku gawo Magawo Oyenderangati idatsegulidwa m'chigawo china. Mbali yakumanja ya zenera ndi chipika Pangani Mzere. Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa switch "Pa axis yothandizira". Dinani pa dzinalo Tsekani.



10. Pambuyo pake, cholowera chotsimikizika chokhazikika chidzapangidwa, ndi mzere "Kuchuluka kwama malonda" imagwirizanitsidwa ndi ma bungwe ake. Chifukwa chake, ntchito pantchitoyo yatsirizidwa bwino.

Njira 4: pangani chida chodalira potengera ntchito ya algebraic

Tsopano tiyeni tiganizire za njira yopanga chithunzi chodalira, chomwe chidzaperekedwa ndi ntchito ya algebraic.

Tili ndi ntchito iyi: y = 3x ^ 2 + 2x-15. Kutengera ndi izi, muyenera kujambula chithunzi cha kudalirika kwa mfundo y kuchokera x.

1. Tisanayambe kupanga chithunzi, tifunika kupanga tebulo potengera ntchito yomwe idanenedwa. Makhalidwe a mkangano (x) pagome lathu akuwonetsedwa kuchokera -15 mpaka +30 panjira ya 3. Kuti tifulumizire njira yolowera deta, tidzagwiritsa ntchito chida chokhazikitsidwa "Kupita patsogolo".

   Fotokozerani za khungu loyambirira la chipilalacho "X" mtengo "-15" ndikusankha. Pa tabu "Pofikira" dinani batani Dzazaniitayikidwa "Kusintha". Pamndandanda, sankhani "Kupita patsogolo ...".



2. Kukhazikitsa kwenera kukuchitika "Kupita patsogolo"M'malo "Malo" lembani dzina Column ndi safu, popeza tifunikira zolemba ndendende. Mu gululi "Mtundu" phindu losiya "Arithmetic"yomwe imayikidwa ndi kusakhazikika. M'deralo "Khwerero" ziyenera kuyika mtengo "3". M'deralo "Mtengo wochepera" ikani nambala "30". Dinani "Zabwino".



3. Pambuyo pochita algorithm iyi yochita, gawo lonse "X" idzadzazidwa ndi mitengo malinga ndi dongosolo lomwe lakhazikitsidwa.



4. Tsopano tifunika kukhazikitsa zofunika Yzomwe zimagwirizana ndi mfundo zina X. Chifukwa chake, kumbukirani kuti tili ndi njira y = 3x ^ 2 + 2x-15. Muyenera kuti musinthe kukhala mawonekedwe a Excel momwe mumakhalira X idzasinthidwa ndikuwonetsa ma cell a tebulo omwe ali ndi zotsutsana.

   Sankhani khungu loyamba mu mzati "Y". Popeza kuti kwa ife ndi komwe kuli koyamba kotsutsa X yoyimiriridwa ndi ma link A2, ndiye m'malo mwanjira yomwe ili pamwambapa timapeza mawu akuti:

   = 3 * (A2 ^ 2) + 2 * A2-15

   Timalemba mawuwa mchigawo choyamba cha chipindacho "Y". Kuti mupeze kuwerengera, dinani batani Lowani.



5. Zotsatira za ntchito pamkangano woyamba wa formula amawerengedwa. Koma tikuyenera kuwerengera mfundo zake pazina zina za patebulo. Lowetsani fomula yamtengo uliwonse Y ntchito yayitali kwambiri komanso yovuta. Ndi yachangu kwambiri komanso yosavuta kutsitsa. Vutoli litha kutha kugwiritsa ntchito chikhomo chodzaza komanso chifukwa cha malumikizowo ku Excel monga ubale wawo. Mukamakopera chida china Y mfundo X mu kakhazikidwe kamomwe kamasinthidwe kamangosintha kogwirizana ndi kogwirizira koyamba.

   Sunthani cholozera cha kumanzere chakumanzere kwa kandalama kamene formula idalembedwa kale. Pankhaniyi, kusinthika kuyenera kuchitika ndi chowunikira. Ukhala mtanda wakuda, womwe umadziwika ndi dzina lodzaza. Gwirani batani lakumanzere ndikukokera chizindikiro ichi mpaka pansi pa tebulo "Y".



6. Zomwe zili pamwambapa zidapanga mzati "Y" idadzaza kwathunthu ndi zotsatira za kuwerengera formula y = 3x ^ 2 + 2x-15.



7. Ino ndi nthawi yoti mupange tchatiacho. Sankhani zonse zam'mabuku. Tab kachiwiri Ikani dinani batani Tchati magulu Ma chart. Pankhaniyi, tiyeni tisankhe pamndandanda wazosankha Tchati ndi Olemba.



8. Tchati chokhala ndi zolemba zimapezeka m'dera lachiwembu. Koma, monga momwe zidalili m'mbuyomu, tifunika kusintha zina ndi zina kuti zithe kupeza mawonekedwe olondola.



9. Choyamba, fufutani mzerewu "X", wopezeka mozungulira pamalowo 0 zothandizira. Sankhani chinthuchi ndikudina batani. Chotsani.



10. Sitifunanso nthano, popeza tili ndi mzere umodzi ("Y") Chifukwa chake, sankhani lembalo ndikudina batani kachiwiri Chotsani.



11. Tsopano tikuyenera kusintha zofunikira mu gulu lolinganiza mozungulira ndi zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mzere "X" pagome.

    Mwa kuwonekera batani la mbewa yoyenera, sankhani mzere. Pazosankha timayenda ndi mtengo "Sankhani zambiri ...".



12. Muwindo losankha magwiritsidwe, dinani batani lomwe tikudziwa kale "Sinthani"ili mu block Chizindikiro cha nkhwangwa yopingasa.



13. Zenera limayamba Zolemba za Axis. M'deralo Axis Label Range tchulani maulalo omwe adapangidwa ndi masanjidwewo ndi danga la safufu "X". Tikuyika cholozera m'mbali mwa kuthengo, ndiye, tikapanga zodumpha zofunikira kumanzere, sankhani zofunikira zonse pazogwirizira patebulopo, kupatula dzina lake lokha. Malangizo akangowonetsedwa m'munda, dinani dzina "Zabwino".



14. Kubwereranso ku zenera losankha deta, dinani batani "Zabwino" mmenemo, monga kale mu zenera lapitalo.



15. Pambuyo pake, pulogalamuyo imasinthira zojambula zomwe zidapangidwa kale malinga ndi momwe masinthidwe adapangidwira muzosintha. Chithunzi chodalira kutengera ntchito ya algebraic imatha kutha kutha.

Phunziro: Momwe mungapangire zolemba pa Microsoft Excel

Monga mukuwonera, pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya Excel, njira yopangira graph yodalira ndalama imakhala yosavuta poyerekeza ndikupanga pa pepala. Zotsatira zomangazi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito yophunzitsa, komanso mwachindunji pazothandiza. Njira yakumangidwayi imadalira zomwe tchati chimadalira: zomwe zili ndi masamba ochepa kapena ntchito. Pachiwonetsero chachiwiri, musanapangire chithunzi, mupangabe tebulo lokhala ndi mfundo ndi magwiridwe antchito. Kuphatikiza apo, pulogalamuyo imatha kumangidwa, zonse pamaziko a ntchito imodzi, kapena zingapo.