Kupanga ma graph a network mu Microsoft Excel

Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi tebulo lomwe lakonzedwa kuti lipange dongosolo la projekiti ndikuwunika momwe ikukwaniritsira. Pa ntchito yake yomanga, pali mapulogalamu apadera, mwachitsanzo MS Project. Koma kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono komanso makamaka zosowa zachuma, sizikupanga nzeru kugula mapulogalamu apadera ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yambiri kuphunzira zovuta zake. Pulogalamu ya spreadsheet purosesa ya Excel, yomwe imayikidwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri, imayenda bwino kwambiri pomanga chithunzi cha intaneti. Tiyeni tiwone momwe kumaliza ntchito ili pamwambapa.

Onaninso: Momwe mungapangire tchati cha Gantt ku Excel

Njira Zamaukonde

Mutha kupanga zojambula pamaneti mu Excel pogwiritsa ntchito tchati cha Gantt. Pokhala ndi chidziwitso chofunikira, mutha kupanga tebulo lazovuta zilizonse, kuyambira pa ndandanda ya alonda ndikumaliza ndi mapulojekiti ovuta ambiri. Onani za algorithm pakuchita ntchito iyi, ndikupanga chithunzi chosavuta cha maukonde.

Gawo 1: Kumanga kapangidwe ka tebulo

Choyamba, muyenera kupanga kapangidwe ka tebulo. Ukakhala network yopanda waya. Zofanizira zojambula pamaneti ndi mzere womwe umawonetsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito inayake, dzina lake, lomwe limayang'anira ndi kukhazikitsa ndi nthawi yake. Koma kuphatikiza pazofunikira izi pakhoza kukhala zina zowonjezera mwa zolemba, ndi zina zambiri.

1. Chifukwa chake, timayika mayina ammitu pamutu wamtsogolo wa tebulo. Pachitsanzo chathu, mayina azigawo azikhala motere:
   • No. p / p;
   • Dzina la chochitika;
   • Munthu wodalirika;
   • Tsiku loyambira
   • Kutalika kwa masiku
   • Zindikirani

   Ngati mayina sakugwirizana mu cell, ndiye kankhanani malire ake.



2. Lemberani zinthu zomwe zili pamutu ndikudina posankha. Pamndandanda, yikani mtengo wake "Mtundu wamtundu ...".



3. Pawindo latsopano, sinthani ku gawo Kuphatikiza. M'deralo "Wowongoka" ikani kusintha "Pakati". Mu gululi "Onetsani" ikani cheki pafupi ndi chinthucho Kukutira Kwa Mawu. Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza kwa ife pambuyo pake, pomwe tidzakonza tebulo kuti tisunge malo papepala, kusintha malire a zinthu zake.



4. Timapita ku tabu la mawonekedwe ofikira Font. Mu makatani "Zolemba" onani bokosi pafupi ndi paramayo Cholimba. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika kuti mayina amizere adziwike mwazidziwitso zina. Tsopano dinani batani "Zabwino"kusunga zosintha zosintha.



5. Gawo lotsatira ndikuwonetsa malire a tebulo. Timasankha maselo omwe ali ndi dzina la zipilala, komanso kuchuluka kwa mizere m'munsi mwake, zomwe zidzakhale zofanana ndi kuchuluka komwe kungachitike muzochitika mkati mwa ntchitoyi.



6. Ali pa tabu "Pofikira", dinani patatu kuti kumanja kwa chithunzi "Malire" mu block Font pa tepi. Mndandanda wazisankho zamtundu wamalire zimatseguka. Timapanga chisankho pamalo Malire Onse.

Pakadali pano, kulengedwa kwa tebulo lopanda kanthu kumatha kuonedwa kukhala kwathunthu.

Phunziro: Kukhazikitsa matebulo ku Excel

Gawo 2: Kupanga nthawi

Tsopano tikuyenera kupanga gawo lalikulu la chithunzi cha maukonde athu - mawonekedwe a nthawi. Zikhala mzere, iliyonse yomwe ikugwirizana ndi nthawi imodzi ya polojekitiyi. Nthawi zambiri, nthawi yofanana imakhala yofanana ndi tsiku limodzi, koma pamakhala zochitika pamene kuchuluka kwa nthawi kumawerengedwa masabata, miyezi, kotala komanso zaka.

Mu zitsanzo zathu, timagwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe nthawi yofanana ndi tsiku limodzi. Tipange ndandanda ya masiku 30.

1. Tidutsa kumalire akumtunda kwa tebulo lathu. Kuyambira pamalire awa, timasankha pazipilala 30, ndipo chiwerengero cha mizere chikhala chofanana ndi chiwerengero cha mizere yomwe ili patsamba logwiritsira ntchito lomwe tidapanga kale.



2. Pambuyo pake, dinani chizindikiro "Malire" mumachitidwe Malire Onse.



3. Malire atakhazikitsidwa, tiwonjezera masikuwo pamndandanda wa nthawi. Tingoyerekeza kuti tidzawongolera pulojekiti yokhala ndi nthawi yovomerezeka kuyambira pa Juni 1 mpaka June 30, 2017. Poterepa, dzina la mizati yapa nthawi yake iyenera kukhazikitsidwa malinga ndi nthawi yomwe yakwaniritsidwa. Zachidziwikire, kulowa pamasiku onse ndi kovuta kwambiri, chifukwa tikugwiritsa ntchito chida changofikira palokha chomwe tachiyitanitsa "Kupita patsogolo".

   Ikani tsiku pachinthu choyamba cha ankhandwe nthawi "01.06.2017". Pitani ku tabu "Pofikira" ndikudina chizindikiro Dzazani. Makina owonjezera amatsegulidwa, pomwe muyenera kusankha chinthucho "Kupita patsogolo ...".



4. Ntchito Yazenera Ikuchitika "Kupita patsogolo". Mu gululi "Malo" ziyenera kulembedwa Mzere ndi mzere, popeza tidzaza mutu, woperekedwa ngati chingwe. Mu gululi "Mtundu" chizindikiro ziyenera kulembedwa Madeti. Mu block "Mgwirizano" ikani zosinthika pafupi ndi pomwe pali "Tsiku". M'deralo "Khwerero" ikuyenera kukhala mawu owerengera "1". M'deralo "Mtengo wochepera" onetsani tsiku 30.06.2017. Dinani "Zabwino".



5. Mndandanda wamutuwu udzakhala ndi madeti motsatizana mu June 1-30, 2017. Koma pa netiweki, tili ndi maselo otakata kwambiri, omwe amakhudza kukhudzika kwa tebulo, chifukwa chake mawonekedwe ake. Chifukwa chake, tichita mndandanda wazambiri kuti tithandizire kutsegula tebulo.
   Sankhani mutu wanthawi. Dinani pa chidutswa chosankhidwa. Pamndandanda omwe timayimapo Mtundu Wa Cell.



6. Pazenera lopakika lomwe limatseguka, sinthani ku gawo Kuphatikiza. M'deralo Zochita mtengo wokhazikitsidwa "90 degrees", kapena sinthani chinthucho ndi mloza "Zolemba" m'mwamba. Dinani batani "Zabwino".



7. Pambuyo pake, mayina a zipilala mu mawonekedwe a madeti adasintha mawonekedwe awo kuchoka kuzungulira kupita patali. Koma chifukwa chakuti maselo sanasinthe kukula kwawo, mayinawo sanawerenge, chifukwa samayenererana molunjika pakati pazomwe zimasindikizidwa ndi pepalalo. Kuti musinthe momwe zinthu ziliri, sankhani zomwe zili mumutu. Dinani pachizindikiro "Fomu"ili mu block "Maselo". Pamndandanda tidziyimitsa posankha "Auto Fit Row Height".



8. Pambuyo pofotokozedwazo, mzerewo umatchula mayina kutalika kulowa m'malire a cell, koma maselo samakhala ophatikizana kwambiri. Sankhani masanjidwe amutu wanthawi yayitali ndikudina batani. "Fomu". Pakadali pano sankhani kusankha pamndandanda. Auto Fit Chingwe Chachikulu.



9. Tsopano tebulo lasintha, ndipo zinthu za gululi zatenga mawonekedwe.

Gawo lachitatu: kudzaza deta

Chotsatira, muyenera kudzaza tebulo ndi deta.

1. Bwererani kumayambiriro kwa tebulo ndikudzaza mzere "Dzina la Chochitika" mayina a ntchito zomwe zakonzedwa kuti zigwire ntchito yomanga ntchitoyi. Ndipo mu gawo lotsatira tikupereka mayina aanthu omwe adzayang'anire ntchito pazomwe zikuchitika.



2. Pambuyo pake, lembani mzati "Ayi.". Ngati pali zochitika zochepa, ndiye izi zitha kuchitidwa ndikuyendetsa manambala pamanambala. Koma ngati mukufuna kuchita ntchito zambiri, zimakhala zomveka bwino kuti musinthe. Kuti muchite izi, ikani manambala pachinthu choyamba "1". Timawongolera cholozera kumunsi chamanzere chakumaso, kuyembekezera nthawi yomwe idzasandutsidwe mtanda. Gwirani pansi fungulo nthawi yomweyo Ctrl ndi mbewa yakumanzere, kokerani mtanda mpaka pansi pa tebulo.



3. Chigawo chonse chidzadzazidwa ndi zoyenera kutsatira.



4. Kenako, pitani pa mzere "Tsiku Loyambira". Apa muyenera kuwonetsa tsiku loyambira la chochitika chilichonse. Timachita. M'kholamu "Kutalika kwa masiku" sonyezani kuchuluka kwa masiku omwe adzafunika kuthana ndi vutoli.



5. M'kholamu "Zolemba" Mutha kudzaza zofunikirazo pofotokoza mawonekedwe a ntchito inayake. Kulowetsa chidziwitso mu nkhosazi sikofunikira pa zochitika zonse.



6. Kenako sankhani maselo onse patebulo lathu, kupatula mutu ndi gridi yokhala ndi madeti. Dinani pachizindikiro "Fomu" pa tepi yomwe tidalankhulapo kale, dinani pamndandanda wotseguka ndiudindo Auto Fit Chingwe Chachikulu.



7. Pambuyo pake, m'lifupi mwa mizati ya zinthu zosankhidwazo amachepetsa mpaka kukula kwa khungu, momwe kutalika kwa deta ndikokulira kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zina zonse za mzere. Izi zimasunga malo papepala. Nthawi yomweyo, pamutu patebulopo, mayina amasinthidwa malinga ndi mawu omwe ali pazinthuzo zomwe pepalalo mulibe. Zidatheka chifukwa chakuti kale tidasankha zosankha monga ma cell am'mutu Kukutira Kwa Mawu.

Gawo 4: Njira Zosinthira

Pa gawo lotsatira logwiritsa ntchito netiweki, tiyenera kudzaza utoto ndi maselo a gridi omwe amafanana ndi nthawi ya mwambowo. Izi zitha kuchitika mwa mtundu uliwonse.

1. Timayika mndandanda wonse wa maselo opanda kanthu pamndandanda wa nthawi, womwe umaperekedwa mwa mawonekedwe a gridi ya zinthu zooneka ngati mraba.



2. Dinani pachizindikiro Njira Zakukonzerani. Ili mu block Masitaelo Pambuyo pake mndandanda udzatsegulidwa. Iyenera kusankha njira Pangani Lamulo.



3. Iwindo limayamba momwe mukufuna kukhazikitsa lamulo. Pazosankha mtundu wamalamulo, timayika chinthu chomwe chikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito fomula kuwonetsa mawonekedwe. M'munda "Makhalidwe Oyenera" tifunika kukhazikitsa lamulo la kusankha, loperekedwa mwa njira. Kwa ife, ikhale ndi mawonekedwe otsatirawa:

   = NDI (G $ 1> = $ D2; G $ 1 <= ($ D2 + $ E2-1)

   Koma kuti muthe kusintha njira iyi pa netiweki yanu, yomwe ingatheke, izikhala ndi mapulogalamu ena, tifunika kuzindikira njira yotsogola.

   "Ndipo" ndi ntchito yopangidwa ndi Excel yomwe imawunika ngati mfundo zonse zomwe zalowetsedwa monga mfundo zake zili zowona. Syntax ndi motere:

   = NDI (boolean1; boolean2; ...)

   Pazonse, mpaka 255 mfundo zomveka bwino zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokangana, koma timangofunika ziwiri.

   Mtsutso woyamba udalembedwa ngati mawu "G $ 1> = $ D2". Amawunika kuti mtengo womwe uli munthawi yake ndiwkulu kuposa kapena lofanana ndi mtengo womwewo wofananira ndi tsiku linalake la chochitika china. Chifukwa chake, cholumikizira choyamba m'chifanizochi chikutanthauza gawo loyamba la mzere patsamba la nthawi, ndipo chachiwiri chikutanthauza gawo loyamba la mzati kuyambira tsiku lomaliza mwambowo. Chizindikiro cha Dola ($) imayikidwa mwachindunji kuti ogwirizanira a formula yomwe ili ndi chizindikiro chopatsidwa asasinthe, koma akhalebe mtheradi. Ndipo inu chifukwa cha mlandu wanu muyenera kuyikapo zikwangwani za malo m'malo oyenera.

   Mtsutso wachiwiri ukuyimiriridwa ndi mawuwo "G $ 1 <= ($ D2 + $ E2-1)". Imayang'ana kuti iwone chizindikiro pa nthawi yake (G $ 1) anali ochepera kapena ofanana ndi tsiku lomaliza ntchito ($ D2 + $ E2-1) Chizindikiro pa kuchuluka kwa nthawi chimawerengedwa, monga momwe zinaliri m'mbuyomu, ndipo tsiku lomaliza ntchitoyo limawerengeredwa powonjezera tsiku loyambira ($ D2ndi nthawi yake m'masiku.$ E2) Kuti muphatikize tsiku loyamba la polojekitiyo m'masiku ambiri, gawo limachotsedwa pamtengo. Chizindikiro cha dollar chimachitanso chimodzimodzi monga momwe tinafotokozera kale.

   Ngati mfundo zonse ziwiri zomwe zaperekedwa ndizowona, ndiye kuti zosintha zina mwa mawonekedwe anu zidzayikidwa mu khungu.

   Kuti musankhe mtundu winawake wa kudzaza, dinani batani "Fomu ...".



4. Pawindo latsopano, sinthani ku gawo "Dzazani". Mu gululi Colour Background njira zingapo zamithunzi zimaperekedwa. Timayika chizindikiro chomwe timafuna kuti maselo a masiku omwe agwirizane ndi nthawi ya ntchito yatchulidwe. Mwachitsanzo, sankhani zobiriwira. Pambuyo pazithunzi zimawonekera m'munda Zitsanzodinani "Zabwino".



5. Mukabwereranso pazenera la ulamuliro, dinani batani inunso "Zabwino".



6. Pambuyo pazochita zomaliza, makina azithunzi za netiweki yolingana ndi nthawi ya mwambowo anali utoto.

Pamenepa, kulengedwa kwa netiweki kumatha kuonedwa kuti ndi kwathunthu.

Phunziro: Makonzedwe Okhazikika pa Microsoft Excel

Potengera izi, tinapanga chithunzi chochitira maukonde. Iyi si mtundu wokha wa tebulo lotere lomwe lingapangidwe ku Excel, koma mfundo zoyendetsera ntchitoyi sizisintha. Chifukwa chake, ngati pangafunike, wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense akhoza kukonza tebulo lomwe lasonyezedwako mwachitsanzo kuti ligwirizane ndi zosowa zawo.