Kuchepetsa kukula kwa fayilo mu Microsoft Excel

Pogwira ntchito ku Excel, matebulo ena amakhala ochulukirapo. Izi zimabweretsa kuti kukula kwa chikalatacho kumawonjezeka, nthawi zina mpaka kufika ma megabyte angapo kapena kupitilira apo. Kuchulukitsa kulemera kwa bukhu lothandizira la Excel sikuti kumangoyambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa malo komwe kumakhala pa hard drive, koma, koposa zonse, kutsika pang'onopang'ono kuthamanga kwa machitidwe osiyanasiyana ndi machitidwe mkati mwake. Mwachidule, mukamagwira ntchito ndi chikalata chotere, Excel imayamba kuchepa. Chifukwa chake, nkhani ya kukhathamiritsa ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwa mabuku otere imakhala yoyenera. Tiyeni tiwone momwe mungachepetse kukula kwa fayilo ku Excel.

Njira Yochepetsa Mabuku

Muyenera kukweza fayilo yopitilira mbali zingapo nthawi imodzi. Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri sazindikira, koma nthawi zambiri bukhu lothandizira la Excel limakhala ndi zambiri zosafunikira. Fayilo ikakhala yocheperako, palibe amene amasamala iyo, koma ngati chikalatacho ndi chachikulu, muyenera kuchikulitsa molingana ndi magawo onse momwe mungathere.

Njira 1: kuchepetsa magwiridwe antchito

Gawo logwira ntchito ndi dera lomwe Excel amakumbukira zochita zake. Mukamalemba chikalata, pulogalamuyi imawerengera maselo onse pamalo ogwirira ntchito. Koma sizigwirizana nthawi zonse ndi mtundu womwe wogwiritsa ntchito amagwiriradi ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, malo oikidwa mwangozi pansi pa tebulo adzakulitsa kukula kwa malo ogwirira ntchito mpaka pomwe padali ili. Likukhalira kuti Excel nthawi iliyonse imasinthanso gulu la maselo opanda kanthu. Tiyeni tiwone momwe tingathetsere vutoli pogwiritsa ntchito gome lina.

1. Choyamba, yang'anani kulemera kwake musanakonzekere kuyerekeza momwe zidzakhalire pambuyo pa njirayi. Izi zitha kuchitika posamukira ku tabu Fayilo. Pitani ku gawo "Zambiri". Mu gawo loyenera la zenera lomwe limatseguka, zofunikira zazikulu za bukhuli zikuwonetsedwa. Katundu woyamba wa malo ndi kukula kwa chikalatacho. Monga mukuwonera, kwa ife ndi 56,5 kilobytes.



2. Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa malo omwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito pepalalo mosiyana ndi omwe wosuta amafunikira. Izi ndizosavuta. Timalowa m'chipinda chilichonse cha patebulopo ndipo talemba mawonekedwe Ctrl + Mapeto. Excel nthawi yomweyo amasunthira ku foni yomaliza, yomwe pulogalamuyo imaganizira gawo lomaliza la malo ogwiritsira ntchito. Monga mukuwonera, m'malo mwathu, iyi ndi mzere 913383. Popeza kuti tebulo limangokhala mizere isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira, titha kunena kuti mizere 913377 ndiyo katundu wopanda pake, yomwe sikuti imangokulitsa kukula kwa fayilo, koma, chifukwa kuwerengera kosalekeza kwamitundu yonse ndi pulogalamuyo pochita chilichonse, kumachepetsa ntchito pa chikalatacho.

   

   Zowonadi, zenizeni, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pazomwe zikugwira ntchito ndi komwe Excel amatenga ndizosowa kwenikweni, ndipo tidatenga mizere yambiri kuti timvetse. Ngakhale, nthawi zina pamakhala zochitika zina pamene malo ogwirira ntchito ali gawo lonse la pepalalo.

3. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, muyenera kuchotsa mizere yonse, kuyambira koyambirira mpaka kumapeto kwa pepalalo. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani foni yoyamba, yomwe ili pansi patebulopo, ndikulemba mawonekedwe Ctrl + Shift + Down Arrow.



4. Monga mukuwonera, zitatha izi zonse zidindo zoyambirira zidasankhidwa, kuyambira khungu lomwe linali kumapeto kwa tebulo. Kenako dinani pazomwe zili ndi batani la mbewa yoyenera. Pazosankha zomwe zikutsegulidwa, sankhani Chotsani.

   

   Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amayesa kufufuta podina batani. Chotsani pa kiyibodi, koma siyabwino. Kuchita izi kumakonza zomwe zili m'maselo, koma sizimadziyambitsa zokha. Chifukwa chake, kwa ife, sizingathandize.

5. Titasankha chinthucho Chotsani ... " pazosankha zomwe zikuwonetsedwa, zenera laling'ono lochotsa maselo limatseguka. Tikuyika kusinthaku "Mzere" ndipo dinani batani "Zabwino".



6. Zingwe zonse za magulu osankhidwa zachotsedwa. Onetsetsani kuti mwasunganso bukulo podina chizindikiro cha diskette chakumanzere chakumanja kwa zenera.



7. Tsopano tiye tiwone momwe izi zidatithandizira. Sankhani khungu lililonse pagome ndipo lembani njira yachidule Ctrl + Mapeto. Monga mukuwonera, Excel adasankha foni yomaliza ya tebulo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti tsopano ndi gawo lomaliza la workspace.



8. Tsopano pitani ku gawo "Zambiri" tabu Fayilokuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa zolemba zathu zachepetsedwa. Monga mukuwonera, tsopano ndi 32.5 KB. Kumbukirani kuti njira isanakwane, kukula kwake kunali 56.5 Kb. Chifukwa chake, adachepetsedwa ndi nthawi zopitilira 1.7. Koma pankhaniyi, kupindula kwakukulu sikungochepetsa ngakhale fayiloyo, koma kuti pulogalamuyo yamasulidwa kuti isasinthanenso pamndandanda womwe sunagwiritsidwe ntchito, womwe ungakulitse kwambiri kuthamanga kwa chikalatacho.

Ngati bukuli lili ndi ma shiti angapo omwe mumagwira nawo, muyenera kuchita chimodzimodzi. Izi zikuthandizanso kuchepetsa kukula kwa chikalatachi.

Njira 2: Chotsani Zomwe Mungapangire

Chinthu china chofunikira chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chikalata cha Excel chikhale chovuta kwambiri ndicho kuphatikiza. Izi zingaphatikizepo kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zilembo, malire, mawonekedwe amitundu, koma choyambirira chimakhudza kudzazidwa kwa maselo ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake musanapange fayilo, muyenera kuganiza mozama ngati mulidi woyenera kapena mutha kuchita popanda njirayi.

Izi ndizofunikira makamaka m'mabuku omwe ali ndi zambiri zazidziwitso, zomwe mwa iwo okha ali ndi kukula kwakukulu. Kuwonjezera mtundu pa buku kumatha kuwonjezera kulemera kwake kangapo. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kusankha malo apakati pakati pa kuwonekera kwawonetsero lazidziwitso mu chikalatacho ndi kukula kwa fayilo, ikani zojambula pokhapokha ngati zikufunika.

China chomwe chikugwirizana ndi kulemera masitayilo ndikuti ogwiritsa ntchito ena amakonda kuchulukitsa maselo. Ndiye kuti, samangokhala patebulo lokha lokha, komanso mulingo womwe uli pansi pake, nthawi zina mpaka kumapeto kwa pepalalo, ndikuyembekeza kuti mizere yatsopano ikawonjezedwa patebulo, sikofunikira kuti mupangidwenso nthawi iliyonse.

Koma sizikudziwika nthawi yomwe mizere yatsopano iwonjezeredwa ndi kuchuluka kwa angati, ndipo mwakutengera momwe mungapangire mafayilo apamwamba kwambiri pakalipano, zomwe zingasokonezenso kuthamanga kwa ntchito ndi chikalatachi. Chifukwa chake, ngati mungagwiritse ntchito yosanjikiza maselo opanda kanthu omwe sanaikidwe patebulopo, ndiye kuti ayenera kuchotsedwa.

1. Choyamba, muyenera kusankha maselo onse omwe amakhala pansi pazosanjazo ndi data. Kuti muchite izi, dinani pa nambala ya mzere woyamba wopanda tulo yolumikizira. Mzere wonse ukuvekedwa. Pambuyo pake, timagwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza komwe takhala tikudziwa kale Ctrl + Shift + Down Arrow.



2. Pambuyo pake, mzere wonse wa mizere pansi pa gawo la tebulo lodzazidwa ndi deta udzawunikidwa. Kukhala mu tabu "Pofikira" dinani pachizindikiro "Chotsani"ili pa riboni m'bokosi la chida "Kusintha". Chosankha chaching'ono chimatsegulidwa. Sankhani malo mmenemu "Fafanizani Mafomu".



3. Pambuyo pa izi, kupanga masanjidwe kumachotsedwa m'maselo onse amitundu yosankhidwa.



4. Momwemonso, mutha kuchotsa mawonekedwe osafunikira mu tebulo lokha. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani maselo amtundu uliwonse kapena mtundu womwe tikuwona kuti masanjidwe kukhala osathandiza kwenikweni, dinani batani "Chotsani" pa riboni komanso pamndandanda, sankhani "Fafanizani Mafomu".



5. Monga mukuwonera, kujambulika mumtundu wosankhidwa wa tebulo wachotsedwa kwathunthu.



6. Pambuyo pake, timabwereranso ku magulu ena osiyanasiyana omwe timawawona kuti ndi oyenera: malire, kuchuluka kwa manambala, ndi zina zambiri.

Njira zomwe zili pamwambazi zikuthandizira kuchepetsa kukula kwa buku la ntchito la Excel ndikufulumizitsa ntchito momwemo. Koma ndikwabwino poyamba kugwiritsa ntchito kujambulitsa pokhapokha ngati kuli koyenera komanso kofunikira kuposa kuwonongera nthawi ndikutulutsa chikalatacho.

Phunziro: Kukhazikitsa matebulo ku Excel

Njira 3: chotsani maulalo

Zolemba zina zimakhala ndi maulalo ambiri kuchokera komwe mfundo zimakokedwa. Izi zitha kuchepetsanso kuthamanga kwa ntchito mwa iwo. Maulalo akunja a mabuku ena ndi othandizanso pawonetsero iyi, ngakhale maulalo amkati amakhudzanso ntchito. Ngati gwero kuchokera komwe kulumikizako limapezako chidziwitso sichisinthidwa pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti, ndizomveka kusinthitsa ma adilesi omwe amapezeka m'maselo ndi mfundo wamba. Izi zitha kuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa kugwira ntchito ndi chikalata. Mutha kuwona ngati cholumikizira kapena mtengo uli mu khungu linalake mu bar yamuyo mutasankha chinthucho.

1. Sankhani dera lomwe maulalo ali. Kukhala mu tabu "Pofikira"dinani batani Copy yomwe ili pa riboni pagulu la zosintha Clipboard.

   

   Mwinanso, mutatsimikizira mtundu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza kwa hotkey Ctrl + C.

2. Dongosolo litatha, sitichotsa kusankhidwa m'deralo, koma dinani ndi batani loyenera la mbewa. Zosintha zamakambirano zayambitsidwa. M'malo amenewo Ikani Zosankha muyenera kudina chizindikiro "Makhalidwe". Ili ndi mawonekedwe a chithunzi ndi manambala omwe akuwonetsedwa.



3. Pambuyo pake, maulalo onse omwe ali m'malo osankhidwa adzasinthidwa ndi mitengo yowerengera.

Koma kumbukirani kuti njira iyi yowonjezera buku la Excel silivomerezeka nthawi zonse. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha data kuchokera ku gwero loyambirira silikuyenda mwamphamvu, ndiye kuti, sizisintha ndi nthawi.

Njira 4: zosintha zamitundu

Njira ina yochepetsera kukula kwa fayilo ndikusintha mawonekedwe ake. Njira iyi mwina imathandizira kuposa wina aliyense kupondereza bukuli, ngakhale zosankha zomwe zili pamwambazi ziyenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito palimodzi.

Mu Excel pali mitundu yamafayilo "amtundu" - xls, xlsx, xlsm, xlsb. Mtundu wa xls unali chowonjezera chofunikira pa mitunduyi yamapulogalamu Excel 2003 komanso koyambirira. Zatha kale, komabe, ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri akupitiliza kuigwiritsa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, pali nthawi zina pamene muyenera kubwerera kukagwira ntchito ndi mafayilo akale omwe adapangidwa zaka zambiri zapitazo m'mbuyomu pomwe kunalibe mafomu amakono. Osanenapo zowona kuti mapulogalamu ambiri achipani omwe sadziwa momwe angapangire matembenuzidwe amtsogolo a zikalata za Excel amagwira ntchito ndi mabuku omwe ali ndi chiwonjezerochi.

Dziwani kuti buku lomwe lili ndi ma Xls limakulitsa kwambiri kuposa mawonekedwe ake amakono a xlsx, pomwe Excel imagwiritsa ntchito ngati yayikulu. Choyamba, izi ndichifukwa choti mafayilo a xlsx, kwenikweni, ndi osungidwa osungidwa. Chifukwa chake, ngati mugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera za xls, koma mukufuna kuchepetsa kulemera kwa buku, mutha kuchita izi mwakusunganso mwanjira ya xlsx.

1. Kuti musinthe chikalata kuchokera pa mawonekedwe a xls kukhala mtundu wa xlsx, pitani ku tabu Fayilo.



2. Pazenera lomwe limatsegulira, nthawi yomweyo yang'anani gawo lawo "Zambiri", pomwe zikuwonetsedwa kuti chikalatacho chikulemera 40 Kbytes. Kenako, dinani dzinalo "Sungani Monga ...".



3. Zenera lopulumutsa limatseguka. Ngati mungafune, mutha kusinthira kuchidindo chatsopano momwemo, koma kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri ndikosavuta kusungira chikalata chatsopano pamalo omwewo. Dzinalo la bukuli, ngati likufuna, litha kusinthidwa mu gawo la "File name", ngakhale silofunikira. Chofunika kwambiri mu njirayi ndikuyika m'munda Mtundu wa Fayilo mtengo "Buku lothandizira la Excel (.xlsx)". Pambuyo pake, mutha kukanikiza batani "Zabwino" pansi pazenera.



4. Kupulumutsa kukatha, tiyeni tipite ku gawo "Zambiri" tabu Fayilokuti muwone kulemera kambiri kumachepa. Monga mukuwonera, tsopano 13.5 KB motsutsana ndi 40 KB njira yosinthira isanachitike. Ndiye kuti, kungosunga mwanjira yamakono kunapangitsa kuti bukulo liphatikizidwe pafupifupi katatu.

Kuphatikiza apo, ku Excel pali mtundu wina wamakono wa xlsb kapena buku la binary. Mmenemo, chikalatacho chimasungidwa mumakina a binary. Mafayilo awa amalemera ngakhale pang'ono poyerekeza ndi mabuku omwe ali mu mtundu wa xlsx. Kuphatikiza apo, chilankhulo chomwe amalembachi ndi chapafupi kwambiri ndi Excel. Chifukwa chake, imagwira ntchito ndi mabuku oterowo mwachangu kuposa kuphatikizanso kwina kulikonse. Nthawi yomweyo, buku la mtundu womwe wafotokozedwako mogwirizana ndi momwe limagwirira ntchito komanso momwe lingagwiritsidwire ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana (zojambula, zochitika, zithunzi, ndi zina) sizolakwika mwanjira ya xlsx ndipo zimaposa mawonekedwe a xls.

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe xlsb sinakhalire mtundu wa Excel ndikuti mapulogalamu a chipani chachitatu sangathe kugwira nawo ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kutumiza zidziwitso kuchokera ku Excel kupita ku 1C, izi zitha kuchitidwa ndi zolemba za xlsx kapena xls, koma osati ndi xlsb. Koma, ngati simukukonza kusamutsa deta ku pulogalamu yachipani chachitatu, ndiye kuti mutha kusunga chikalatacho mwanjira ya xlsb. Izi zikuthandizani kuti muchepetse kukula kwa chikalatacho ndikuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa ntchito.

Njira yopulumutsira mafayilo mu xlsb yowonjezera ikufanana ndi yomwe tidachita pakuwonjezera kwa xlsx. Pa tabu Fayilo dinani pachinthucho "Sungani Monga ...". Pazenera lopulumutsa lomwe limatseguka, m'munda Mtundu wa Fayilo muyenera kusankha njira "Excel Binary Workbook (* .xlsb)". Kenako dinani batani Sungani.

Tikuwona kulemera kwa chikalatachi m'gawoli "Zambiri". Monga mukuwonera, watsika kwambiri ndipo tsopano ndi 11.6 KB yokha.

Pofotokozera mwachidule zotsatira zake, titha kunena kuti ngati mungagwiritse ntchito fayilo mu mawonekedwe a xls, ndiye kuti njira yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera kukula kwake ndikuisunga mumawonekedwe amakono a xlsx kapena xlsb. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito fayilo yowonjezera ya fayilo, ndiye kuti muchepetse kulemera kwawo, muyenera kukonzanso malo ogwiritsira ntchito bwino, kuchotsa mawonekedwe akunyumba ndi maulalo osafunikira. Mukabweranso kwambiri ngati mungachite izi zonse modekha, ndipo musadziikire malire pazomwe mungachite.