Werengani ma VAT mu Microsoft Excel

Chimodzi mwazizindikiro zambiri zomwe owerengetsa ndalama, oyang'anira msonkho ndi mabizinesi azokha amayenera kuchita ndi msonkho wowonjezera phindu. Chifukwa chake, nkhani ya kuwerengera kwake, komanso kuwerengera kwa zomwe zikugwirizana nazo, imakhala yoyenera kwa iwo. Kuwerengera kumeneku kwa kuchuluka kumachitidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowerengera. Koma, ngati mukufunikira kuwerengera VAT pazachuma chamtengo wapatali, ndiye kuti ndi Calculator imodzi ndiye zimakhala zovuta kuchita izi. Kuphatikiza apo, makina owerengera nthawi zina amakhala osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Mwamwayi, ku Excel mutha kuthamangitsa kuwerengera kwa zotsatira zofunika pazotsatira zomwe zalembedwa pagome. Tiyeni tiwone momwe angachitire.

Mawerengeredwe

Tisanawerengere mwachindunji, tiyeni tidziwe zomwe zimapereka msonkho womwe waperekedwa. Misonkho yowonjezeredwa mtengo ndi msonkho wosalunjika woperekedwa ndi ogulitsa katundu ndi ntchito pazachuma chogulitsidwa. Koma omwe amapereka okhawo ndi ogula, chifukwa ndalama zomwe msonkho umapereka zimaphatikizidwa kale mumtengo wazogula kapena ntchito zina.

Ku Russian Federation, misonkho imayikidwa 18%, koma m'maiko ena lapansi zingasiyane. Mwachitsanzo, ku Austria, Great Britain, Ukraine ndi Belarus, 20%, ku Germany - 19%, ku Hungary - 27%, ku Kazakhstan - 12%. Koma tidzagwiritsa ntchito msonkho woyenera ku Russia powerengera. Komabe, posintha chiwongola dzanja, ma ma calches omwe amawerengedwa pansipa akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudziko lina lililonse mdziko lapansi momwe misonkho iyi imayendera.

Pa chifukwa ichi, owerengera ndalama, ogwira ntchito zamisonkho komanso oyambitsa mabizinesi m'malo osiyanasiyana amakhala ndi ntchito zazikulu zotsatirazi:

• Kuwerengeredwa kwa VAT yeniyeni kuchokera pamtengo wopanda msonkho;
• Kuwerengeredwa kwa VAT pamtengo womwe msonkho waphatikizidwa kale;
• Kuwerengeredwa kwa ndalama popanda VAT kuchokera pamalipiro omwe msonkho waphatikizidwa kale;
• Kuwerengera kuchuluka ndi VAT ya mtengo wake popanda msonkho.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ziwerengerozi ku Excel kukupitilizabe.

Njira 1: kuwerengetsa VAT kuchokera pamsonkho

Choyamba, tiyeni tipeze momwe tingawerengere VAT kuchokera pamalo amisonkho. Ndiwosavuta. Kuti mukwaniritse ntchito imeneyi, muyenera kuchulukitsa msonkho wokwera msonkho, womwe ku Russia ndi 18%, kapena nambala 0,18. Chifukwa chake tili ndi njira:

"VAT" = "Msonkho" x 18%

Kwa Excel, njira yowerengera imatenga mawonekedwe otsatirawa

= nambala * 0.18

Mwachilengedwe, ochulukitsa "Chiwerengero" ndi mawerengeredwe a kuchuluka kwa msonkho womwewo kapena cholozera komwe foniyo ili. Tiyeni tiyesetse kugwiritsa ntchito izi kudziwa tebulo linalake. Muli zipilala zitatu. Yoyamba ili ndi mfundo zodziwika bwino za msonkho. Lachiwiri lidzakhala mfundo zofunika, zomwe tiyenera kuwerengera. Mu mzere wachitatu padzakhala kuchuluka kwa katundu pamodzi ndi ndalama za msonkho. Popeza sizovuta kunena, zitha kuwerengeka powonjezera data ya mzati woyamba ndi wachiwiri.

1. Sankhani khungu loyambilira ndi danga lomwe mukufuna. Timayika chikwangwani "=", kenako dinani selo yomwe ili mzere womwewo kuchokera pazolowera "Msonkho". Monga mukuwonera, adilesi yake imalowetsedwa pomwepo momwe timawerengera. Pambuyo pake, mu foni yowerengera, ikani chikwangwani chochulukitsa cha Excel (*) Kenako, yendetsani mtengo kuchokera pa kiyibodi "18%" kapena "0,18". Pomaliza, njira yotsanziranayi inatenga mawonekedwe otsatirawa:

   = A3 * 18%

   M'malo mwanu, zidzakhala zofanana kupatula woyamba ochulukitsa. M'malo mwake "A3" pakhoza kukhala magwirizano ena, kutengera komwe wogwiritsa ntchito adalemba zomwe zimakhala ndi msonkho.



2. Pambuyo pake, kuti muwonetse kumaliza mu cell, dinani batani Lowani pa kiyibodi. Kuwerengera komwe kukufunika kudzapangidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi pulogalamuyo.



3. Monga mukuwonera, zotsatira zake zikuwonetsedwa ndi malo anayi omaliza. Koma, monga mukudziwa, ndalama ya ruble imatha kukhala ndi malo awiri (ma penni). Chifukwa chake, kuti zotsatira zathu zikhale zolondola, tiyenera kuzunguliza phindu kumalo awiri. Timachita izi posintha maselo. Pofuna kuti tisadzabwerenso kufunsoli, tidzapanga mitundu yonse ya maselo kuti agwiritse ntchito nthawi imodzi.

   Sankhani magawo osiyanasiyana a tebulo, omwe amapangidwa kuti azikwanira ndi manambala. Dinani kumanja. Zosintha zamakambirano zayambitsidwa. Sankhani zomwe zili mmenemo Mtundu Wa Cell.



4. Pambuyo pake, zenera lopangidwe limayambitsidwa. Pitani ku tabu "Chiwerengero"ngati idatsegulidwa patsamba lina lililonse. Pakadutsa magawo "Mawerengero Amanambala" khazikitsani kusintha "Numeric". Kenako, onetsetsani kuti ili kumunsi kwa zenera m'mundawo "Chiwerengero cha malo omaliza" panali chithunzi "2". Mtengo uwu uyenera kukhala wokhazikika, koma pokhapokha, muyenera kuyang'ana ndikusintha ngati nambala ina yawonetsedwa pamenepo, osati 2. Kenako, dinani batani "Zabwino" pansi pazenera.

   

   Muthanso kuphatikiza ndalama m'malo mwa mtundu wake. Potengera izi, manambala adzawonetsedwanso ndi malo awiri omaliza. Kuti muchite izi, sinthani kusinthana kwa gawo lalikulu "Mawerengero Amanambala" m'malo "Ndalama". Monga momwe zinalili kale, timayang'ana kotero kuti m'munda "Chiwerengero cha malo omaliza" panali chithunzi "2". Komanso samalani ndi chidwi chakuti mumunda "Maudindo" chizindikiro cha ruble chidayikidwa, pokhapokha, mutakhala kuti mukugwira ntchito ndi ndalama ina. Pambuyo pake, dinani batani "Zabwino".



5. Ngati mungagwiritse ntchito njira pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wamitundu, ndiye kuti manambala onse amasinthidwa kukhala amalo okhala ndi malo awiri.

   

   Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa ndalama, kusintha komweko kudzachitika, koma chizindikiro cha ndalama zomwe zasankhidwazo zidzawonjezedwa pazowonerazo.



6. Koma, pakadali pano tawerengera mtengo wokhoma msonkho pamtengo umodzi wokha wa msonkho. Tsopano tikuyenera kuchita izi pazinthu zina zonse. Inde, mutha kuyika formula ndi fanizo lofananalo monga tidachita koyamba, koma kuwerengera mu Excel kumasiyana ndi kuwerengetsa pamawebusayiti amtunduwu chifukwa pulogalamuyo imatha kufulumizitsa kuchitanso zomwezo. Kuti muchite izi, koperani pogwiritsa ntchito chikhomo.

   Timayika cholozera mu ngodya ya kumunsi kwa chidutswa cha pepalacho. Poterepa, chiwonetsero chazomwe chimayenera kusinthidwa kukhala mtanda wawung'ono. Ichi ndi chikhomo chodzaza. Gwirani batani lakumanzere ndikulikokera pansi penipeni pa tebulo.



7. Monga mukuwonera, mutatha kuchita izi, mtengo wofunikira uwerengedwa pazofunikira zonse zamagetsi zomwe zili pagome lathu. Chifukwa chake, tidawerengera chizindikiro cha mitengo isanu ndi iwiri ya ndalama mwachangu kwambiri kuposa momwe ikanapangidwira pa Calculator kapena, pamanja.



8. Tsopano tifunikira kuwerengera mtengo wathunthu pamodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa msonkho. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani chinthu chopanda chilichonse m'kholamu "Ndalama ndi VAT". Timayika chikwangwani "="dinani pa foni yoyamba ya mzati "Msonkho"ikani chikwangwani "+"kenako dinani patsamba loyamba la chipilalacho "VAT". Ife, mawu otsatirawa adawonetsedwa pazinthu zotulutsa zotsatira:

   = A3 + B3

   Koma, zonse, munthawi iliyonse, ma adilesi amaselo amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, mukagwira ntchito yofananira, muyenera kuyika m'malo mwanu zogwirizira kuti zikhale zogwirizana ndi pepalalo.



9. Kenako dinani batani Lowani pa kiyibodi kuti mupeze zotsatira zowerengera. Chifukwa chake, mtengo pamodzi ndi msonkho wamtengo woyamba amawerengedwa.



10. Kuti muwerengere kuchuluka ndi msonkho wowonjezera ndi zinthu zina, timagwiritsa ntchito chikhomo, monga momwe tidachitira kale mawerengero am'mbuyomu.

Chifukwa chake, tidawerengera zofunikira pazomwe zisanu ndi ziwiri za msonkho zikuyimira. Pangowerengera, izi zimatenga nthawi yayitali.

Phunziro: Momwe mungasinthire mawonekedwe amtundu mu Excel

Njira 2: kuwerengera kwamisonkho pamtengo womwe uli ndi VAT

Koma pali milandu pomwe pakufotokozera misonkho ndikofunikira kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa VAT kuchokera kuchuluka komwe msonkhowu umaphatikizidwapo kale. Kenako njira yowerengera imawoneka motere:

"VAT" = "Ndalama ndi VAT" / 118% x 18%

Tiyeni tiwone momwe kuwerengera izi kungachitike pogwiritsa ntchito zida za Excel. Pulogalamu iyi, kuwerengera kwamawonekedwe kumawoneka motere:

= nambala / 118% * 18%

Monga mkangano "Chiwerengero" imakonda mtengo wodziwika bwino wa katunduyo komanso msonkho

Mwachitsanzo mwa mawerengero tidzatenga gome limodzi. Tsopano pokhapokha mzere udadzazemo "Ndalama ndi VAT", ndi mfundo zamizati "VAT" ndi "Msonkho" tiyenera kuwerengera. Timalingalira kuti maselo agome kale adapangidwa kale m'malo amali kapena manambala ndi malo awiri omaliza, kotero sitibwereza izi.

1. Tikuyika cholozera mu khungu loyamba la mzati ndi zomwe mukufuna. Timayambitsa chilinganizo (= nambala / 118% * 18%) momwemonso momwe zidagwiritsidwira ntchito kale. Ndiye kuti, chizindikirochi chitathaika cholumikizira foni yomwe mtengo wofanana ndi wamsonkho umapezeka, kenaka onjezani mawu kuchokera ku kiyibodi "/118%*18%" opanda mawu. Kwa ife, mbiri yotsatirayi idapezeka:

   = C3 / 118% * 18%

   Muzolembedwapo, kutengera mtundu womwe wapezeka ndi pepala la Excel, ndi gawo lokhalo lomwe lingasinthe.



2. Pambuyo pake, dinani batani Lowani. Zotsatira zake zimawerengedwa. Kenako, monga momwe munachitira kale, pogwiritsa ntchito chodzaza, ikani chilinganizo kuma cell ena omwe ali mgulowo. Monga mukuwonera, mfundo zonse zofunika zimawerengedwa.



3. Tsopano tikuyenera kuwerengera ndalamazo popanda kulipira msonkho, ndiye kuti, msonkho. Mosiyana ndi njira yakale, chizindikirochi sichowerengeredwa ndikuwonjezera, koma kugwiritsa ntchito. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani kuchuluka kwa msonkho kuchuma chonse.

   Chifukwa chake, ikani cholozera mu khungu loyamba la chipilalacho "Msonkho". Pambuyo chikwangwani "=" timachotsa zambiri mu khungu loyamba la chipilalacho "Ndalama ndi VAT" mtengo womwe uli pachigawo choyambirira cha mzati "VAT". Pachitsanzo chathu chotsimikizika, timalandira mawu awa:

   = C3-B3

   Kuti muwonetse zotsatira, musaiwale kukanikiza fungulo Lowani.



4. Pambuyo pake, mwachizolowezi, pogwiritsa ntchito chodzaza, ikani ulalo pazinthu zina zomwe zilimo.

Ntchitoyi ikhoza kuonedwa kuti yathetsedwa.

Njira 3: kuwerengera kwamisonkho kuchokera pamsonkho

Nthawi zambiri, pamafunika kuwerengera ndalamazo pamodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa msonkho, kukhala ndi mtengo wamsonkho. Nthawi yomweyo, sikofunikira kuwerengetsa kukula kwa msonkho womwe pawokha. Njira zowerengera zitha kuyimiridwa motere:

"Ndalama ndi VAT" = "Msonkho" + "Msonkho msonkho" x 18%

Mutha kusinthira njira iyi:

"Ndalama ndi VAT" = "Msonkho" x 118%

Ku Excel, zikuwoneka motere:

= nambala * 118%

Kukangana "Chiwerengero" ndi malo okhometsa msonkho.

Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni titenge tebulo lomwelo, lokhalo lopanda mzati "VAT", popeza pakuwerengera kumeneku sikofunikira. Makhalidwe odziwika adzakhazikitsidwa "Msonkho", ndi zofunika pa mzati "Ndalama ndi VAT".

1. Sankhani khungu loyambilira ndi danga lomwe mukufuna. Tidayika chikwangwani pamenepo "=" ndi cholumikizira khungu loyambirira la chipilalacho "Msonkho". Pambuyo pake timalowa mawu osatinso mawu "*118%". Mwanjira yathu, mawuwo adapezeka:

   = A3 * 118%

   Kuti muwonetse pepalalo, dinani batani Lowani.



2. Pambuyo pake, timagwiritsa ntchito chikhomo chodzaza ndikulinganiza fomula yomwe idalowetsedwa kale kuzosintha mzerewu ndizizindikiro zowerengedwa.

Chifukwa chake, mtengo wazinthu zonse, kuphatikizapo msonkho, udawerengedwa pamitengo yonse.

Njira yachinayi: kuwerengera kumunsi kwa msonkho ndi msonkho

Nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kuwerengera pansi kuti msonkho ukhale wotani ndi msonkho womwe umaphatikizidwamo. Komabe, kuwerengera kotereku sikwachilendo, kotero tidzapendanso.

Njira yowerengera msonkho kuchokera pamtengo, komwe msonkho umaphatikizidwapo kale, ndi motere:

"Msonkho" = "Ndalama ndi VAT" / 118%

Ku Excel, fomulamu iyi itenga mawonekedwe awa:

= nambala / 118%

Monga gawo "Chiwerengero" mtengo wa katundu, kuphatikizapo msonkho.

Pakuwerengera, timayika ndendende tebulo lomwelo monga momwe tidagwiritsira ntchito m'mbuyomu, pokhapokha nthawi yomwe chidziwitso chiziwoneka "Ndalama ndi VAT", ndi kuwerengera mzati "Msonkho".

1. Timasankha chinthu choyambirira cha mzati "Msonkho". Pambuyo chikwangwani "=" timalowa m'magawo a selo loyamba la cholembera china pamenepo. Pambuyo pake timalowa mawu "/118%". Kuti muwerengere ndikuwonetsa zotsatira pa polojekiti, dinani batani Lowani. Pambuyo pake, mtengo woyamba wopanda msonkho udzawerengedwa.



2. Pofuna kuwerengera pazinthu zomwe zatsalira pamndandandawo, monga momwe zidalili m'mbuyomu, timagwiritsa ntchito cholemba.

Tsopano tili ndi tebulo momwe mtengo wa katundu wopanda msonkho wa zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri umawerengeredwa nthawi imodzi.

Phunziro: Kugwira ntchito ndi mafomu ku Excel

Monga mukuwonera, kudziwa zoyambira kuwerengera zamtengo wapatali zowonjezera misonkho ndi zofananira, kuthana ndi ntchito yowerengera mu Excel ndikosavuta. Kwenikweni, kuwerengera kwa maalgorithm pawokha, kwenikweni, sikusiyana kwambiri ndi kuwerengera pamawonekedwe wamba. Koma, opareshoni momwe adalankhulira tebulo ali ndi mwayi umodzi wosagawika pa Calculator. Zikugona kuti kuwerengera kwamazana pazinthu sikudzatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa kuwerengera kwa chisonyezo chimodzi. Ku Excel, kwenikweni mkati mwa miniti, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amatha kuwerengera msonkhoyo maudindo mazana, ndikugwiritsa ntchito chida chofunikira monga chodzaza, pomwe kuwerengera kuchuluka kofananako kwa chowerengera chophweka kumatha kutenga maola ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mu Excel, mutha kusintha kuwerengera mwa kuyisunga ngati fayilo yosiyana.