Mukamapanga mapulani akuluakulu, mphamvu ya wogwira ntchito nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwanira. Gulu lonse la akatswiri limagwira nawo ntchito ngati imeneyi. Mwachilengedwe, aliyense wa iwo ayenera kukhala ndi chikalatacho, chomwe ndichinthu chogwirizana. Pankhani imeneyi, nkhani yakuwonetsetsa kuti onse pamodzi akufikira amakhala akhama kwambiri. Excel ali ndi zida zake zomwe angathe kuzipeza. Tiyeni timvetsetse za kusiyanasiyana kwa momwe ntchito ya Excel imathandizira munthawi yomweyo kuti ogwiritsa ntchito buku limodzi azikhala ndi buku limodzi.
Kuchita zinthu mogwirizana
Excel sangangopereka mwayi wofikira mafayilo onse, komanso kuthana ndi mavuto ena omwe amawonekera pakupanga mgwirizano ndi buku limodzi. Mwachitsanzo, zida zogwiritsira ntchito zimakupatsani mwayi kuti muwonetsetse zosintha zomwe ophunzira ena akutenga nawo mbali, komanso kuvomereza kapena kuzikana. Tidziwa zomwe pulogalamuyi ingapatse ogwiritsa ntchito omwe akukumana ndi ntchito yofananira.
Kugawana
Koma tonse timayamba ndikuganiza momwe tingagawire fayilo. Choyamba, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti njira zowongolera njira yolumikizirana ndi buku siyingachitike pa seva, koma pakompyuta yakomweko. Chifukwa chake, ngati chikalatacho chimasungidwa pa seva, ndiye kuti, choyambirira, chimayenera kusamutsidwa ku PC yanu yakomweko ndipo zonse zomwe zafotokozedwa pansipa ziyenera kuchitidwa.
- Buku litapangidwa, pitani tabu "Ndemanga" ndipo dinani batani "Kufikira buku"yomwe ili mgululi "Sinthani".
- Ndiye fayilo yolamulira yolowera fayilo imayatsidwa. Chongani bokosi pafupi ndi gawo lomwe lilimo. "Lolani ogwiritsa ntchito angapo kusintha bukulo nthawi imodzi". Kenako, dinani batani "Zabwino" pansi pazenera.
- Bokosi la zokambirana limawoneka momwe mumalimbikitsidwa kuti musunge fayilo ndikusintha komwe kumapangidwira. Dinani batani "Zabwino".
Pambuyo pa magawo omwe ali pamwambapa, kugawana fayilo kuchokera pazida zosiyanasiyana komanso pansi pa akaunti yamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana kudzatsegulidwa. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi chakuti kumtunda kwa zenera pambuyo pamutu wa buku dzina la njira yolumikizira akuwonetsedwa - "General". Tsopano fayilo imatha kusinthidwanso ku seva.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Paramu
Kuphatikiza apo, onse omwe ali pazenera lomweli lolowera fayilo, mutha kusintha makonzedwe omwewo nthawi yomweyo. Mutha kuchita izi pompopompo mukayatsa mgwirizano, kapena mungasinthe zosintha pang'ono pambuyo pake. Koma, zoona, ndiwogwiritsa ntchito wamkulu yekhayo amene amagwirizanitsa ntchito yonse ndi fayilo yemwe amawayang'anira.
- Pitani ku tabu "Zambiri".
- Apa mutha kunena ngati kusunga mitengo yosintha, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, nthawi yanji (mosasintha, masiku 30 akuphatikizidwa).
Imasankhanso momwe angasinthire zosintha: pokhapokha buku litapulumutsidwa (mosasankha) kapena patadutsa nthawi yodziwika.
Chofunikira kwambiri ndicho chinthucho "Zosintha zotsutsana". Zimawonetsa momwe pulogalamuyo iyenera kukhalira ngati owerenga angapo akusintha nthawi imodzi. Pokhapokha, zopempha mosalekeza zimakhazikitsidwa, zomwe omwe akuchita nawo polojekitiyo amakhala ndi zabwino. Koma mutha kuphatikiza zochitika zomwe nthawi zonse mwayi umakhala wokhawo womwe ungasunge kusinthako.
Kuphatikiza apo, ngati mungafune, mutha kuletsa zosindikiza ndi zosefera kuchokera pamawonekedwe anu mwa kuyimitsa zinthu zomwe zikugwirizana.
Pambuyo pake, musaiwale kupanga zosintha zomwe zidachitika podina batani "Zabwino".
Kutsegula fayilo yogawana
Kutsegula fayilo komwe kugawana kumathandizidwa kumakhala ndi zina.
- Tsegulani Excel ndikupita pa tabu Fayilo. Kenako, dinani batani "Tsegulani".
- Tsamba lotsegula buku limayamba. Pitani ku dongosololi la seva kapena PC hard drive komwe kuli bukuli. Sankhani dzina lake ndikudina batani "Tsegulani".
- Buku lalikulu likutsegulidwa. Tsopano, ngati tikufuna, titha kusintha dzina lomwe tiziwonetsa kusintha kwa chipikacho. Pitani ku tabu Fayilo. Kenako timapita kugawo "Zosankha".
- Mu gawo "General" pali choletsa "Makonda a Microsoft Office". Kuno kumunda Zogwiritsa ntchito Mutha kusintha dzina la akaunti yanu kukhala lina. Pambuyo poti makonzedwe onse athe, dinani batani "Zabwino".
Tsopano mutha kuyamba kugwira ntchito ndi chikalatacho.
Onani zochita za mamembala
Mgwirizano umapereka kuwunikira nthawi zonse ndikugwirizanitsa zochita za mamembala onse mgululi.
- Kuti muwone zochita zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amagwira buku, kukhala tabu "Ndemanga" dinani batani Malangizoyomwe ili mgulu la chida "Sinthani" pa tepi. Pazosankha zomwe zimatsegulira, dinani batani Unikani Zowongolera.
- Tsamba lowunikira chigamba limatsegulidwa. Pokhapokha, bukhuli litagawidwa, kusaka zolondola kumasinthidwa zokha, monga zimatsimikizidwira ndi cholembera pafupi ndi chinthu chofananira.
Zosintha zonse zalembedwa, koma pazenera osawonekera amawonetsedwa ngati zilembo za khungu kumakona awo akumanzere kumanzere, kokha kuchokera pomwe omaliza adasunga ndi mmodzi wa ogwiritsa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwa onse ogwiritsa ntchito patsamba lonse kumathandizidwa. Zochita za aliyense mwa ophatikizidwa amalembedwera mtundu wina.
Ngati mungodumphira nambala yokhala ndi cholembera, cholembera chimatseguka, chomwe chimafotokoza kuti ndi ndani ndipo ndi nthawi yake yomwe ikuchitika.
- Kuti tisinthe malamulo owonetsera kusintha, timabwereranso pazenera. M'munda "Pofika nthawi" Zotsatirazi zilipo posankha nthawi yowonera:
- kuwonetsera kuyambira pomaliza;
- kusintha konse komwe kwasungidwa mu database;
- omwe sanawonedwe;
- kuyambira tsiku lenileni.
M'munda "Wogwiritsa" mutha kusankha wochita nawo omwe masinthidwe ake awonetsedwa, kapena siyani chiwonetsero cha ogwiritsa ntchito onse kupatula nokha.
M'munda "Pamitundu", muthanso kuchuluka kwa pepalalo, komwe kungaganizire zochita za mamembala a gulu kuwonetsa pazenera lanu.
Kuphatikiza apo, poyang'ana mabokosi pafupi ndi zinthu zina, mutha kuloleza kapena kuletsa kuwunikira kusintha pazenera ndikuwonetsa kusintha patsamba lina. Pambuyo pazosanjidwa zonse zakonzedwa, dinani batani "Zabwino".
- Zitatha izi, zomwe ophunzira atenga nawo mbali zikuwonetsedwa pa pepala poganizira zosungidwa.
Ndemanga ya Ogwiritsa Ntchito
Wogwiritsa ntchito wamkulu amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kukana kusintha kwa ophunzira ena. Izi zimafuna zotsatirazi.
- Kukhala mu tabu "Ndemanga"dinani batani Malangizo. Sankhani chinthu Vomerezani / Kukana Malangizo.
- Kenako, zenera lowunikira chigamba limatsegulidwa. Mmenemo, muyenera kupanga mawonekedwe osankha kusintha komwe tikufuna kuvomereza kapena kukana. Zochita pawindo iyi zimachitika malinga ndi mtundu womwewo womwe tidakambirana m'gawo lapitalo. Masanjidwewo atapangidwa, dinani batani "Zabwino".
- Windo lotsatira likuwonetsa zosintha zonse zomwe zimakwaniritsa magawo omwe tidasankha koyambirira. Popeza mwatsimikiza kukonzanso mwatsatanetsatane mndandanda wazinthu, ndikudina batani lolingana lomwe lili pansi pazenera pansi pa mndandanda, mutha kuvomereza chinthuchi kapena kukana. Palinso kuthekera kwa kuvomereza kwamagulu kapena kukana ntchito zonsezi.
Chotsani wosuta
Pali nthawi zina pomwe wogwiritsa ntchito payekha amafunika kuchotsedwa. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa chakuti adasiya ntchitoyi, ndipo mwazifukwa zaukadaulo, mwachitsanzo, ngati akauntiyo idalowetsedwa molakwika kapena wopangayo atayamba kugwira ntchito kuchokera pa chipangizo china. Ku Excel pali mwayi wotere.
- Pitani ku tabu "Ndemanga". Mu block "Sinthani" pa tepi dinani batani "Kufikira buku".
- Tsamba lolamulira lolowera fayilo limatsegulidwa. Pa tabu Sinthani Pali mndandanda wa ogwiritsa ntchito onse omwe ali ndi bukuli. Sankhani dzina la munthu amene mukufuna kuti muchotse, ndikudina batani Chotsani.
- Zitatha izi, bokosi la zokambirana limatsegulidwa pomwe amachenjezedwa kuti ngati aliyense atenga nawo mbali akukonza bukuli pakadali pano, ndiye kuti zonse zomwe amachita sizipulumutsidwa. Ngati muli ndi chidaliro pakuganiza kwanu, dinani "Zabwino".
Wogwiritsa ntchito adzachotsedwa.
General Book Kuletsa
Tsoka ilo, ntchito yomweyo pamodzi ndi fayilo ku Excel imapereka malire pazolephera zingapo. Mu fayilo yomwe mudagawidwa, palibe aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito, kuphatikiza amene akutenga nawo mbali, angachite zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Pangani kapena kusintha ma script;
- Pangani matebulo
- Padera kapena kuphatikiza maselo;
- Pezani chidziwitso ndi XML
- Pangani matebulo atsopano;
- Chotsani ma shiti;
- Chitani mitundu yochitira zinthu ndi zina zingapo.
Monga mukuwonera, zoletsa ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ngati, mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri mungathe kuchita popanda kugwira ntchito ndi XML data, ndiye popanda kupanga matebulo, simungaganize zogwira ntchito ku Excel. Zoyenera kuchita ngati mukufuna kupanga tebulo yatsopano, kuphatikiza maselo kapena kuchitapo kanthu kuchokera pamndandanda womwe uli pamwambapa? Pali yankho, ndipo ndilosavuta: muyenera kusiya kwa kanthawi kugawana zikalata, kusintha zinafunika, kenako kulumikizanso gawo loyanjananso.
Kulepheretsa kugawana
Ntchito pa ntchitoyi ikamalizidwa, kapena ngati pakufunika kusintha fayiloyo, mndandanda womwe tinakambirana m'gawo lapita, muyenera kuyimitsa mgwirizano.
- Choyamba, onse otenga mbali ayenera kusunga zosintha ndikutuluka fayilo. Wogwiritsa ntchito wamkulu yekha ndi amene amangogwira ntchito ndi chikalatacho.
- Ngati mukufuna kupulumutsa chipika chantchito mutachotsa mwayi womwe mwagawana, ndiye kuti muli pa tabu "Ndemanga"dinani batani Malangizo pa tepi. Pazosankha zomwe zimatsegulira, sankhani "Zowonetsa bwino ...".
- Tsamba lowunikira limatseguka. Zosintha apa zikufunika kukonzedwa motere. M'munda "Pakapita nthawi" khazikitsani gawo "Zonse". Mayina amtundu wotsutsa "Wogwiritsa" ndi "Pamitundu" ziyenera kulephera. Njira yofananira iyenera kuchitidwa ndi chizindikiro "Zowonetsa kwambiri pazenera". Koma moyang'anizana ndi paramayo "Sinthani pepala lina"m'malo mwake, Mafunso Chongani ayenera kukhazikitsidwa. Mukamaliza kupanga manambala onse pamwambapa, dinani batani "Zabwino".
- Pambuyo pake, pulogalamuyo ipanga pepala latsopano lotchedwa Magazini, yomwe izikhala ndi chidziwitso chonse pakukonza fayiloyi ngati mawonekedwe a tebulo.
- Tsopano zikuyenera kuletsa mwachindunji kugawana. Kuti muchite izi, zomwe zili tabu "Ndemanga", dinani batani lomwe tikudziwa kale "Kufikira buku".
- Zenera loyang'anira likuyamba. Pitani ku tabu Sinthaningati zenera lidayambitsidwa patsamba lina. Musamayankhe kanthu "Lolani ogwiritsa ntchito angapo kusintha fayilo nthawi yomweyo". Kukonza zosintha dinani batani "Zabwino".
- Bokosi la zokambirana limatsegulidwa pomwe limachenjezedwa kuti kuchita izi kuchititsa kuti zitheke kugawana chikalatacho. Ngati mukukhulupirira ndi mtima wonse chisankhocho, dinani batani Inde.
Pambuyo pa magawo omwe ali pamwambapa, kugawana fayilo kudzatsekedwa ndipo chipika cholumikizira chidzachotsedwa. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi zomwe zidachitidwa kale zitha kuwoneka ngati tebulo lokhalokha Magaziningati njira zoyenera zopulumutsira izi zidatengedwa kale.
Monga mukuwonera, pulogalamu ya Excel imapereka mwayi wokhoza kugawana mafayilo ndi ntchito imodzi munthawi yomweyo. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera mutha kuyang'anira zomwe gulu lanu likugwira. Makina awa akadali ndi zina zomwe sizingagwire ntchito, zomwe, komabe, zimatha kusungunuka kwakanthawi ndikupeza mwayi wogawana ndikuchita ntchito zofunikira pantchito yokhazikika.
