Pulogalamu ya Microsoft Excel imapereka mwayi osati wogwira ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa manambala, komanso imapereka zida zopangira zojambula potengera magawo omwe akuikapo. Nthawi yomweyo mawonekedwe awo owonetsera amatha kukhala osiyana kwambiri. Tiyeni tiwone zojambula zamitundu yosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito Microsoft Excel.
Kuyika tebulo
Kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zojambula sikusiyana. Pokhapokha pagawo lina muyenera kusankha mawonekedwe oyenera.
Musanayambe kupanga tchati chilichonse, muyenera kupanga tebulo lokhala ndi deta pamunsi momwe lidzapangidwire. Kenako, pitani ku "Insert" tabu, ndikusankha gawo la tebulo ili, lomwe likuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi.
Pa nthiti mu "Insert" tabu, sankhani chimodzi mwamagawo sikisi amitundu yoyambira:
- Mbiri;
- Ndandanda;
- Zazungulira;
- Wolamulidwa;
- Ndi madera;
- Lozani.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikudina batani la "Zina", mutha kusankha zojambula zochepa: zithunzi, pamwamba, mphete, kuwira, petal.
Pambuyo pake, podina pamitundu iliyonse ya zojambula, pamakhala kusankha mtundu wina. Mwachitsanzo, pa histogram, kapena tchati cha bar, zinthu zotsatirazi zidzakhala izi: Mbiri wamba, volumetric, cylindrical, conical, piramidi.
Pambuyo posankha mtundu wina, chithunzi chimangopangidwa chokha. Mwachitsanzo, histogram yokhazikika imawoneka ngati yomwe ili pachithunzipa.
Tchati cha graph chidzawoneka chonchi.
Tchati cha m'derali chikuwoneka ngati ichi.
Gwirani ntchito ndi chart
Tchati chikapangidwa, mu tabu yatsopano "Gwirani Ntchito ndi Tchati" zida zowonjezera zosintha ndikusintha kuti zizipezeka. Mutha kusintha mtundu wa tchati, mawonekedwe ake, ndi magawo ena ambiri.
Tabu ya "Work with Charts" ili ndi masamba ena atatu owonjezera: "Design", "Layout" ndi "Format".
Kutchula tchati, pitani pa "Layout" tabu, ndikusankha imodzi mwazomwe mungapeze dzinalo: pakatikati kapena pamwamba pa tchati.
Izi zikachitika, mawu akuti "Chart Name" amadziwika. Sinthani kukhala cholembedwa chilichonse choyenerana ndi gawoli.
Maina azithunzi a zojambulazo adasaina chimodzimodzi, koma kuti mulembe batani la "Axis Mayina".
Chiwonetsero cha Peresenti
Kuti muwonetse kuchuluka kwa zisonyezo zosiyanasiyana, ndibwino kuti mupange tchati.
Momwemonso monga tidachitira pamwambapa, timapanga tebulo, ndikusankha gawo lomwe mukufuna. Kenako, pitani ku "Insert" tabu, sankhani tchati pa riboni, kenako, pamndandanda womwe umawonekera, dinani pa mtundu uliwonse wa tchati.
Komanso, pulogalamuyo mosadalira imatitengera ku tabu imodzi yogwira ntchito ndi ma chart - "Designer". Pakati pazomwe zili mu riboni, sankhani chilichonse chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha peresenti.
Tchati cha ma pie chosonyeza kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa data
Zithunzi za Pareto
Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha Wilfredo Pareto, 20% ya machitidwe othandiza kwambiri amabweretsa 80% yazotsatira zonse. Chifukwa chake, 80% yotsala yazomwe sizingatheke, zimangobweretsa 20% yazotsatira. Kupanga kwa chithunzi cha Pareto kumangopangidwira kuwerengera zochita zogwira mtima kwambiri zomwe zimapatsa kubwezeretsa kwakukulu. Tichita izi pogwiritsa ntchito Microsoft Excel.
Ndizosavuta kwambiri kujambula chithunzi cha Pareto mwanjira ya histogram, yomwe takambirana kale pamwambapa.
Zitsanzo zomangamanga. Gome limapereka mndandanda wazinthu zopangidwa ndi zakudya. Mu gawo limodzi, mtengo wogula wamafuta onse anyumba yazosungiramo zinthu zonse umalowa, ndipo chachiwiri, phindu kuchokera pamsika. Tiyenera kudziwa zinthu zomwe zimabweretsa "kubwerera" kwambiri pazogulitsa.
Choyamba, tikupanga histogram wamba. Pitani pa tabu ya "Insert", sankhani mitundu yonse ya mitengo ya tebulo, ndikanikizani batani la "Histogram", ndikusankha mtundu wa histogram womwe mukufuna.
Monga mukuwonera, chifukwa cha izi, chithunzi chinapangidwa ndi mitundu iwiri ya mizati: buluu ndi wofiira.
Tsopano, tifunika kusintha magawo ofiira kukhala graph. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani mizati iyi ndi cholozera, ndipo pa "Design", dinani "Sinthani tchati".
Tsamba losintha tchati likutseguka. Pitani ku gawo la "Tchati", ndikusankha mtundu wa tchati choyenera zolinga zathu.
Chifukwa chake, chithunzi cha Pareto chimangidwa. Tsopano, mutha kusintha mawonekedwe ake (dzina la tchati ndi nkhwangwa, masitayilo, ndi zina), monga momwe amafotokozedwera pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha chart.
Monga mukuwonera, Microsoft Excel imapereka zida zambiri zomanga ndi kusintha mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazithunzi. Mwambiri, ntchito yomwe ili ndi zidazi imapangidwa mosavuta ndi Madivelopa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito maphunziro osiyanasiyana azitha kuthana nawo.
