Kodi kuchititsa VPS ndi momwe mungasankhire wopereka wodalirika

Kusankhidwa kwa kuchititsa ndi gawo limodzi lofunikira kwambiri mu magawo oyamba opanga tsamba. Oyang'anira masamba a Novice nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chidwi ndi zinthu zotsika mtengo, popeza ndalama zawo zimakhala zochepa. Amayesetsa kusankhira alendo omwe angakupatseni mwayi wokhala ndi mwayi osagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri osagwiritsa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, pamalo achichepere omwe ali ndi magalimoto ochepera, nthawi zambiri amasankha kuchititsa mtengo wotsatsa (wogawana) wotsika mtengo.

Mtengo ndi mwayi wofunikira ndi bajeti yocheperako, koma pali zovuta zina zingapo zomwe zimatsagana ndi kuchititsa msonkhano wamba. Ngati magalimoto akwera kwambiri, kapena pa seva yomweyo pakhala polojekiti yokhala ndi mitengo yayitali kwambiri, izi zitha kubweretsa zisokonezo pamalowa. Kwa ntchito zamalonda, izi ndizosavomerezeka ngakhale koyambirira, chifukwa chake ndibwino kusankha nthawi yomweyo kuchititsa VPS yomwe imapereka zodalirika zantchito yofananira. Kampani yolandila Adminvps inauza kusiyana komwe kulipo pakati pa kuchititsa VPS ndi ena.

Kodi VPS ndi chiani?

Seva yeniyeni kapena VPS ndi pulogalamu yoyeserera yoyeserera ya seva yakuthupi. Ili ndi makina ake ogwiritsira ntchito, makonda ake ndi mapulogalamu. Kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, kuchititsa VPS kumawoneka ngati seva "chitsulo", ndikuwapatsanso mphamvu zofananira. Komabe, zida zina zamagetsi zimagawidwa, chifukwa zinthu zingapo zowoneka bwino nthawi zambiri zimakhazikika pa seva yofanana.

Woyang'anira wa VPS / VDS ali ndi gawo lonse lathunthu ndipo amatha kupereka lamulo lililonse, kukhazikitsa pulogalamu yoyenera, kapena kusintha kasinthidwe. Nthawi yomweyo, nthawi zonse amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa kukumbukira komwe amakupatsa, woperekera zakudya, malo a disk, komanso njira yolowera pa intaneti. Chifukwa chake, kuchititsa VPS kumapereka wogwiritsa ntchito mulingo wofanana wolamulira, kudziyimira pawokha komanso chitetezo ngati seva yokhazikika yathanzi. Nthawi yomweyo, pamtengo ndi wotsika mtengo kwambiri (ngakhale wokwera mtengo kuposa kuchititsa msonkhano wamba).

Zabwino ndi zoyipa za kuchititsa VPS

Seva yeniyeni imapatsa wogwiritsa ntchito pakati pakati pa kuchititsa nawo mochitira nawo seva yodzipatulira yakuthupi. Imapereka ntchito yayitali komanso yokhazikika pamtengo wotsika mtengo. Kusiyana kwakukulu kuchokera pamisonkhano yachilendo ndikusowa kwa chikoka kuchokera kwa "oyandikana". Nthawi iliyonse masana, kuchititsa VPS kumapereka mapulojekiti anu ndi kuchuluka kwazinthu zamagetsi.

Poyerekeza kuchititsa, VPS ndi seva yodzipatulira, zabwino ndi zotsatirazi zingathe kusiyanitsidwa:

1. Kugawidwa kogawidwa: masamba ambiri ochitirako amakhala ndi seva yofananira imodzi.
   • Ubwino: kuyamba mwachangu, ntchito yosavuta, mtengo wotsika;
   • Kuwongolera: Mphamvu zochepa zowongolera, zokolola zochepa, kutengera nthawi yatsiku ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito zamagulu oyandikana nawo.
2. Kuchititsa VPS: seva imakhala yogawidwa magawo awiri ndipo gawo limodzi limaperekedwa kumapulojekiti anu.
   • pluses: malo otetezeka, kulowa kwa mizu, kusinthasintha kosinthika, magwiridwe antchito;
   • Cons: VDS ndiokwera mtengo pang'ono kuposa kuchititsa nawo nawo.
3. Kudzipatulira: Seva yonse imadzipereka kumapulo anu.
   • Mapulogalamu: muyeso waukulu wolamulira, chitetezo ndi zokolola;
   • Mtengo wokwera kwambiri, wovuta kwambiri komanso wodula mtengo.

Mukufuna mapulojekiti ati

Webusayiti yopanda phindu yokhala ndi traffic yocheperako imatha kugwira bwino ntchito yochititsa. Koma pamene kupezeka kwabwera kukwera, phindu limakhala losakwanira. Masamba amatenga nthawi yayitali, ndipo nthawi zina malowa amathanso "kugwa" - amalephera kwa mphindi zingapo. Nthawi zina, chidziwitso chingachokere kukuthandizani kuti ntchitoyo ipangidwe kale pamwezi. Pankhaniyi, kusinthana kwa kuchitidwa kwa VPS kudzakhala njira yabwino kwambiri, kupereka magwiridwe antchito komanso kupezeka kwa malowa nthawi zonse.

Momwe mungayang'anire malo pa VPS

Zida zapaintaneti zomwe zimakhala pa VPS / VDS zimayendetsedwa chimodzimodzi monga kuchititsa ambiri. Othandizira ambiri amapereka makasitomala amodzi mwa malo omwe ali otchuka kwambiri (ISPmanager, cPanel, Plesk ndi ena) kwaulere. Otsatsa ena amaperekanso mapanelo awo, omwe amawoneka ofanana pa kuchititsa ndi VDS.

Gulu lodziwika bwino ku Runet ndi ISPmanager 5 Lite. Tsambali lili ndi mawonekedwe achilankhulo chaku Russia komanso mawu omasulira opanda mawu (omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri). Ndi chithandizo chake, mutha kuchita muzochitika machitidwe onse ofunikira mukamayang'anira VPS (kuwonjezera ndi kusintha ogwiritsa ntchito, kuwongolera masamba, kusegula, maimelo, zothandizira ndi zina).

Momwe mungasankhire

Chisankho chosinthira kuchititsa VPS ndi gawo lankhondo latheka. Tsopano muyenera kusankha pa omwe amapereka, chifukwa msika uwu ndiwodzaza ndi zosankha, ndipo kusankha kosangalatsa kwambiri sikophweka. Kusankha mtengo wokwanira wa VDS ndikovuta kwambiri kuposa kusankha momwe mwagawana nawo, chifukwa muyenera kuganizira zina zambiri. Ganizirani zinthu zazikulu zomwe ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mwachidwi kwambiri.

1. Kuwongolera Kulandila kwachilendo kumakhala pa seva yomwe imagawidwa, yomwe imayang'aniridwa ndi ogwira ntchito othandizira. Kuchita kwa VPS kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa pawokha, zomwe sizoyenera nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, ndikwabwino kuti musankhe msonkho mwachindunji ndi kayendetsedwe (kamvedwe). Poterepa, seva imayang'aniridwa ndi woyang'anira waukadaulo waluso. Kusankha kuchititsa VPS ndi kayendetsedwe, mumapeza zabwino zonse za seva yokhazikika ndipo nthawi yomweyo simukakamizidwa kuti muziyang'anira pawokha ntchito maola 24 patsiku.
2. Makina Ogwiritsira Ntchito Otsatsa ambiri amapereka makasitomala awo kusankha kwa seva yogwiritsira ntchito Windows Server ndi magawo angapo a Linux. Windows ilibe zabwino zambiri, koma nthawi zina zimakhala zofunika kuti mapulogalamu ena agwire ntchito (mwachitsanzo, ASP.NET). Ngati simugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu amtunduwu, VDS yokhala ndi Linux ndiyo chisankho chabwino kwambiri kwa inu (mutha kusankha phukusi logawa momwe mumafunira komanso zomwe mumakumana nazo, popeza zonsezi zimapereka magwiridwe antchito).
3. Zida zama seva. Othandizira ambiri omwe amapereka ntchito za VPS / VDS sathamangira kuuza ena za zida zomwe makina akuthupi amayendetsera. Koma muyenera kufunsa funsoli musanasankhe seva yotsatsa kapena yowonera. Ndikofunikira kudziwa osati kuchuluka kokha kwa RAM, CPU cores ndi hard disk space, komanso gulu la zida izi. Ndikofunikira kuti ma seva akhale ndi makina opanga zamakono, kukumbukira kwa DDR4 mwachangu komanso kuyendetsa kwambiri SSD. Wopatsa ntchito zoterezi sazengereza kufotokoza kukhazikitsa kwa maseva ake.
4. Kudalirika Kugwiritsa ntchito mosasokoneza komanso kupezeka kwa VPS yanu kumadalira gulu la malo omwe adaperekera zida zawo akuikiratu. Chizindikiro chofunikira ndikupezeka, komwe kungakhale pamlingo wa 99.8% (Tier II) kapena 99.98% (Tier III). Zikuwoneka kuti kusiyana kwake ndikochepa, koma mtengo wa zomangamanga ndiwokwera kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ntchito zodula kwambiri. Kuti ntchito yatsambali ikhale yodalirika, ndikulimbikitsidwa kubwereka kuchititsa VPS mu malo achidziwitso ndi gulu lomwe silotsika kuposa Tier III.
5. Kusungidwa kwa zida. Kusungidwa kwazinthu kungathandize kwambiri kudalirika ndi kukhazikika kwa VDS. Mwachitsanzo, ngati malo azidziwitso ali ndi kayendetsedwe kake ka magetsi mwadzidzidzi (ma UPS ndi ma generator a dizilo omwe ali ndi malo osungirako mafuta), sikuopa kuzimitsidwa kwa magetsi. Kuphatikizika kwa njira yolankhulirana ndikofunikanso. Tiyeneranso kuyambitsanso VDS mwachangu ngati zalephera pa zida zomwe imagwira.
6. Kutalika kwa Channel ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto. Zogwiritsira ntchito njira ya intaneti sizikhala zowonekera nthawi zonse. Opereka ambiri amachepetsa bandwidth kapena kulipiritsa kuchuluka kwamagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi VDS yanu kopitilira malire ena. Mafunso ngati amenewa ayenera kufotokozedweratu pasadakhale kuti asasokoneze seva kapena kukweza mtengo kuposa zomwe anakonza.
7. Thandizo laukadaulo labwino. Ngakhale dongosolo logwira ntchito bwino lingathe kulephera, chifukwa chake, kudalirika sikofunikira, komanso kuthamanga kwa mavuto. Thandizo labwino laukadaulo ndilo chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti muganizire mukamasankha kuchititsa kapena VDS yabwino kwambiri. Mutha kuweruza luso la othandizira osankhidwa ndi owunikira, komanso mwa luso lanu lolumikizana, kufunsa mafunso angapo kumayambiriro kwa mgwirizano.
8. Ndondomeko yamitengo. Zachidziwikire, mtengo nthawi zonse umakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu posankha wokhala. Komabe, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti VPS yomwe ikuyendetsa ikuyenda pa seva yamakono pamalo apamwamba kwambiri ya data itha kuwononga kangapo kuposa analog ya bajeti yokhala ndi mikhalidwe yomweyo. Thandizo labwino limakhudzanso mtengo, popeza oyang'anira oyenerera, omwe amalipira kwambiri amagwira ntchito mmenemo.
9. Dera komwe kuli malo achidziwitso. Masiku ano palibe choletsa pakusankha kuchititsa kapena VDS kudziko lina kapenanso kumtunda wina. Koma ndikwabwino kungoyang'ana omvera anu. Ngati seva ili kudziko lina, izi zingawonjezere mamiliyoni makumi mamiliyoni ambiri pakukweza.
10. Kutha kubwereketsa ma adilesi owonjezera a IP. Nthawi zina muyenera kulumikiza adilesi yowonjezera ya IP ku seva. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufunikira kukhazikitsa satifiketi za SSL za masamba angapo pa kuchititsa VPS imodzi (asakatuli akale amawonetsa zovuta ngati pali masamba angapo omwe ali ndi encryption ya SSL pa IP yomweyo). Nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuyika gulu lowongolera, database kapena subdomain mu chilankhulo china ku adilesi yapadera ya IP. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti pasadakhale kuti mitengo yosankhidwa imaphatikiza kulumikiza ma IP ena ndi VDS mukapempha.

Kuthamanga komanso kokhazikika ndi machitidwe ofunikira omwe kupambana kwa tsamba lililonse kumadalira, makamaka ngati ili ntchito yamalonda. Kuchititsa VPS kumapereka kuthamanga kwambiri, pomwe mtengo wake umakhala wotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi seva wodzipereka. Masiku ano, msika uli ndi malingaliro ambiri osangalatsa, chifukwa chake kusankha kwa VPS kuyenera kuthandizidwa mosamala, poyesa zinthu zonse mosamala.

Chofunikira kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa RAM. Ngati mukufuna VDS kuyendetsa tsamba limodzi mu PHP + MySQL, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa RAM kuyenera kukhala osachepera 512 MB. Izi ndizokwanira pamsewu wapakati pa magalimoto ambiri, ndipo mulimonsemo, mungamve kuwonjezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito mukamasintha kuchokera ku zomwe mukugawana nawo kale. Mtundu wa ma driver omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nawonso ndiofunikira. Ma drive a HDD apita kale, motero muyenera kusankha VPS ndi SSD. Kwa maseva oterowo, liwiro la ntchito ndi disystem diski ndi makumi komanso nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimakhudza kuthamanga kwathunthu.

Pofuna kubwereka seva yeniyeni yoyenera osati yochulukirapo, ndikofunikira kudziwa zofunikira pasadakhale. Ambiri omwe amakupatsirani mwayi amakulolani kuti muwonjezere magwiridwe antchito a VDS pakugwira ntchito powonjezera kukumbukira, malo a processor kapena malo a disk. Koma powerengera momwe mungasinthire nthawi yomweyo, zidzakhala zosavuta kusankha mtengo wabwino kwambiri.

Timalimbikitsa kuchititsa VPS kuchokera ku Adminvps kuti ipereke ma seva odalirika kwambiri komanso othamanga kwambiri a VPS.