Nkhaniyi ili ndi kalozera komwe mungakweze Debian 8 mpaka 9. Iigawika m'magawo akuluakulu angapo omwe akuyenera kuchitika motsatizana. Komanso, pofuna kuthandizira, mudzapatsidwa malamulo oyambira kuti muchite zonse zomwe tafotokozazi. Samalani.
Malangizo Oukweza a Debian OS
Zikafika pakukonza dongosolo, kusamala sikudzakhala kopitilira muyeso. Chifukwa chakuti pantchito imeneyi mafayilo ambiri ofunika amatha kuzimitsidwa pa disk, muyenera kudziwa zomwe mumachita. Pabwino kwambiri, wogwiritsa ntchito wosazindikira yemwe amakayikira mphamvu zake ayenera kuyesa zabwino ndi zoipazo, kwambiri - ndizofunikira kutsatira kwathunthu malangizo omwe afotokozedwa pansipa.
Gawo 1: Njira zopewera
Musanapitilize, muyenera kusamala mukasunga mafayilo onse ofunikira ndi madongosolo, ngati mungagwiritse ntchito, chifukwa mukalephera simungathe kuwabwezeretsa.
Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chisamalizidwe ndichakuti Debian9 imagwiritsa ntchito njira yosiyanasiyana yosungirako. MySQL, yomwe yaikidwa pa Debian 8 OS, Kalanga, siyigwirizana ndi database ya MariaDB ku Debian 9, chifukwa chake ngati zosintha zalephera, mafayilo onse atayika.
Gawo loyamba ndikudziwa mtundu wa OS womwe mukugwiritsa ntchito pano. Tili ndi malangizo atsatanetsatane tsambali.
Zambiri: Momwe mungadziwire mtundu wa Linux wogawa
Gawo 2: Kukonzekera zakukonzanso
Kuti chilichonse chichitike bwino, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mukupeza zosintha zaposachedwa zapakompyuta yanu. Mutha kuchita izi pomvera malamulo awa:
kukonda kwambiri
Kukonda kwambiri
Kukonda kwambiri
Ngati zikuchitika kuti kompyuta yanu ikhale ndi pulogalamu yachitatu yomwe siyinaphatikizidwe mumapulogalamu aliwonse kapena kuwonjezeredwa ku makina ena, izi zimachepetsa mwayi wolakwitsa popanda kusintha njira. Ntchito zonsezi pakompyuta zitha kutsatiridwa ndi lamulo ili:
kusaka kotheka '~ o'
Muyenera kuwachotsa onse, kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili pansipa, onetsetsani ngati mapaketi onse aikidwa bwino komanso ngati pali zovuta zina mu dongosololi:
dpkg -C
Ngati atapereka lamulo mu "Pokwelera" palibe chomwe chikuwonetsedwa, ndiye kuti palibe zolakwika zovuta m'mapaketi omwe adayikidwa. Ngati mavuto apezeka mu dongosololi, ayenera kuchotsedwa, kenako kuyambiranso kompyuta pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo:
kuyambiranso
Gawo 3: Kukhazikitsa
Bukuli likufotokoza za kukonzanso kwamakonzedwe a pulogalamuyi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kusiyiratu mapaketi onse a data omwe alipo. Mutha kuchita izi potsegula fayilo ili:
sudo vi /etc/apt/source.list
Chidziwitso: pamenepa, ziwonetsero za vi zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsegula fayilo, yomwe ndi cholembera mawu omwe adayikidwa mu magawidwe onse a Linux mwachisawawa. Ilibe mawonekedwe owonetsera, motero zimakhala zovuta kwa wosuta wamba kusintha fayilo. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mkonzi wina, mwachitsanzo, GEdit. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusintha lamulo "vi" ndi "gedit".
Mu fayilo lomwe limatsegulira, muyenera kusintha mawu onse "Jessie" (codename Debian8) "Tsekani" (codename Debian9). Zotsatira zake, ziyenera kuwoneka motere:
vi /etc/apt/source.list
deb //httpredir.debian.org/debian kutambulira kwakukulu
deb //security.debian.org/ kutambasula / zosintha zazikulu
Chidziwitso: kusintha kosinthika kumatha kukhala kosavuta kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito chida chosavuta cha SED ndikuchita lamulo ili pansipa.
sed -i 's / jessie / kutambasulira / g' /etc/apt/source.list
Mukamaliza kuchita zonse, yambani molimba mtima kukonza zina ndi zina mwa kuchita "Pokwelera" lamulo:
kusintha kwatsopano
Mwachitsanzo:
Gawo 4: Kukhazikitsa
Kukhazikitsa bwino OS yatsopano, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti muli ndi malo okwanira pa hard drive. Yambitsani lamulo ili:
apt -o APT :: Pezani :: Trivial-Only = kukonzanso kopambana
Mwachitsanzo:
Kenako, muyenera kuyang'ana muzu. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo:
df -H
Langizo: kuti muzindikire mwachangu mzere wazomwe udakhazikitsidwa kuchokera pamndandanda womwe ukuwonekera, tcherani khutu "Wokwera" (1). Pezani mzere ndi chikwangwani “/” (2) - uwu ndiye muzu wa dongosololi. Zimangoyang'ana pang'ono kumanzere kwa mzere kupita pa mzere "Dost" (3), komwe danga laulere la disk limasonyezedwa.
Ndipo mutatha kukonzekera zonsezi mutha kuyamba kukonza mafayilo onse. Mutha kuchita izi popereka malamulo awa:
kukweza bwino
kukweza dist-Sinthani
Mukadikirira kwakadali, njirayi itha ndipo mutha kuyambitsanso kachitidwe kake ndi lamulo lodziwika bwino:
kuyambiranso
Gawo 5: Kutsimikizira
Tsopano makina anu ogwira ntchito ku Debian asinthidwa bwino kuti abwerere mwatsopano, komabe, zingachitike, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana kuti mukhale bata:
- Mtundu wa Kernel pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo:
uname -mrsMwachitsanzo:
- Mtundu wogawa pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo:
lsb_re tafadhali -aMwachitsanzo:
- Kupezeka kwa phukusi lakale pomayendetsa lamulo:
kusaka kotheka '~ o'
Ngati ma kernel ndi mitundu yogawa ikufanana ndi Debian 9, ndipo palibe mapangidwe achikale omwe apezeka, izi zikutanthauza kuti kusinthaku kwatha.
Pomaliza
Kukweza Debian 8 mpaka mtundu 9 ndi chisankho chofunikira, koma kukhazikitsa kwake bwino kumatengera kutsatira malangizo onse pamwambapa. Pomaliza, ndikufuna ndikuwonetsetse kuti njira yosinthira ndiyotalika, chifukwa chakuti mafayilo ambiri adzatsitsidwa kuchokera pa netiweki, koma njirayi singasokonezedwe, apo ayi kuyambiranso kwa opaleshoni sikungatheke.
