Kupanga chowerengera ku Microsoft Excel

Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito Excel okhazikika, palibe chinsinsi kuti mu pulogalamu iyi mutha kupanga masamu osiyanasiyana, uinjiniya ndi kuwerengetsa ndalama. Mwayiwu umadziwika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana. Koma, ngati Excel imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi kuwerengera koteroko, ndiye kuti nkhani yakukonzekera zida zoyenera patsamba lino zimakhala zofunikira, zomwe zimakweza kuthamanga kwa kuwerengera komanso kuchuluka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Tiyeni tiwone momwe mungapangire chowerengera chofananira ku Excel.

Ndondomeko ya Chiwerengero Cha Calculator

Chofunika kwambiri, ntchitoyi imakhala, ngati kuli kotheka, imawerengera nthawi zonse mtundu womwewo ndi kuwerengera komwe kumayenderana ndi mtundu wina wa zochitika. Pazonse, zowerengera zonse ku Excel zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: konsekonse (komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengera masamu) ndi mawonekedwe opapatiza. Gulu lomaliza lagawidwa m'mitundu yambiri: engineering, ndalama, ngongole zogulitsa, etc. Zili pa magwiridwe antchito a digito, choyambirira, kusankha kwa algorithm pakupanga kwake kumadalira.

Njira 1: gwiritsani ntchito ma macros

Choyamba, lingalirani za ma algorithms opanga zowerengera. Tiyeni tiyambe ndikupanga chowerengera chosavuta kwambiri padzikoli. Chida ichi chizichita ntchito zoyesera: kuphatikiza, kuchulukitsa, kuchotsa, kugawa, etc. Zimayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito macro. Chifukwa chake, musanayambe njira yolenga, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti muli ndi ma macro ndi gulu loyendetserani. Ngati sizili choncho, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyambitsa ntchito ya macros.

1. Mukamaliza kugula pamwambapa, pitani ku tabu "Wopanga". Dinani pachizindikiro "Zowoneka Zachikulu", yomwe imayikidwa pa tepi mu chipangizo chothandizira "Code".



2. Zenera la mkonzi wa VBA liyamba. Ngati dera lapakati limayera m'malo loyera, izi zikutanthauza kuti gawo lowongolera nambala yakusowa. Kuti muwonetse chiwonetsero chake, pitani ku menyu "Onani" ndipo dinani zolembedwa "Code" mndandanda womwe umawoneka. M'malo mwazipangizo izi, mutha kukanikiza batani ili F7. Mulimonsemo, gawo lowonetsera code lidzawoneka.



3. Apa pakatikati tiyenera kulemba macro code palokha. Ili ndi mawonekedwe:

   Calculator (
Chepetsa strExpr Monga Chingwe
Kulowetsedwa kwa ziwerengero
strExpr = InputBox ("Lowani data")
'' Kuwerengera zotsatira
MsgBox strExpr & "=" & Application.Evaluate (strExpr)
Mapeto sub

   M'malo mwa collocation "Lowetsani zidziwitso" Mutha kujambula zina zovomerezeka kwa inu. Idzakhala pamwamba pa gawo loyambitsa mawu.

   Code likalowetsedwa, fayilo iyenera kulembedwanso. Nthawi yomweyo, iyenera kusungidwa ndi mtundu wothandizira. Dinani pazithunzi cha disk mu chida cha mkonzi wa VBA.



4. Tsamba lopulumutsa limayamba. Pitani ku chikwatu pa hard drive kapena media yochotsa komwe tikufuna kuyisunga. M'munda "Fayilo dzina" patsani chikalatacho dzina lirilonse lomwe mungafune kapena musiyire lokha lomwe linaperekedwa kwa iwo. Kuvomerezedwa m'munda Mtundu wa Fayilo kuchokera pamitundu yonse yomwe ilipo, sankhani dzinalo "Excel Macro-Enified Workbook (* .xlsm)". Pambuyo pa gawo ili, dinani batani. Sungani pansi pazenera.



5. Pambuyo pake, mutha kutseka zenera la macro osindikiza ndikungodina chizindikiro chotseka chazithunzi mu mawonekedwe a mraba ofiira wokhala ndi mtanda Woyera kumakona ake akumanja akumanja.



6. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chida cha kompyuta pogwiritsa ntchito ma macro, mu tabu "Wopanga"dinani pachizindikiro Macros pa tepi mu bokosi la chida "Code".



7. Pambuyo pake, zenera lalikulu layamba. Sankhani dzina la macro omwe tangopanga, sankhani ndikudina batani Thamanga.



8. Pambuyo pochita izi, chowerengera chomwe chimapangidwa pamaziko a macro chimayambitsidwa.



9. Pofuna kuwerengera momwemo, timalemba zochitika zofunikira kumunda. Ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pazifukwa izi kiyibodi ya kiyibodi, yomwe ili kumanja. Mukamaliza mawuwo, dinani batani "Zabwino".



10. Kenako zenera laling'ono limawonekera pazenera lomwe lili ndi yankho la yankho la mawu omwe mwapatsidwa. Kuti mutseke, dinani batani "Zabwino".



11. Koma muyenera kuvomereza kuti ndizosavomerezeka nthawi zonse mukafuna kuchita zochitika zachitetezo, pitani pazenera lambiri. Tiyeni tisanthule kukhazikitsa kuthamanga mawerengero. Kuti tichite izi, kukhala tabu "Wopanga", dinani chizindikiro chomwe tikudziwa kale Macros.



12. Kenako, pazenera lalifupi, sankhani dzina la chinthu chomwe mukufuna. Dinani batani "Zosankha ...".



13. Pambuyo pake, zenera limayamba laling'ono kuposa lakale. Mmenemo titha kukhazikitsa kuphatikiza kwa mafungulo otentha, ndikadina, owerengera ayamba. Ndikofunikira kuti kuphatikiza uku sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kutchula njira zina. Chifukwa chake, zilembo zoyambirira za zilembo sizilimbikitsidwa. Kiyi yoyamba yophatikiza imakhazikitsidwa ndi pulogalamu ya Excel palokha. Ichi ndiye chifungulo. Ctrl. Kiyi yotsatira imayikidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito. Lolani icho chikhale chinsinsi V (ngakhale mutha kusankha ina). Ngati kiyiyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kale ndi pulogalamuyi, kiyi ina idzangowonjezera yokha kuphatikiza - Skutsegula. Lowetsani munthu wosankhidwa m'munda Njira Yochepera ndipo dinani batani "Zabwino".



14. Kenako tsekani zenera lalikulu kwambiri mwa kuwonekera pa chizindikiritso chotseka pakona yakumanja kwakumanja.

Tsopano, tikutayipa kuphatikiza kosankha kwa mafungulo otentha (ife Ctrl + Shift + V) zenera lowerengera liyamba. Muyenera kuvomereza kuti ndizachangu komanso zosavuta kuposa kuchinjiriza pawindo lalikulu nthawi iliyonse.

Phunziro: Momwe mungapangire macro ku Excel

Njira 2: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ntchito

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone njira yopangira chowerengera chopapatiza. Idapangidwa kuti igwire ntchito zenizeni, zachindunji ndikuyikidwa mwachindunji papepala lantchito la Excel. Ntchito zomwe Excel adazipangira zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chida ichi.

Mwachitsanzo, pangani chida chosinthira mfundo za misa. Pakupanga kwake, tigwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyo KULAMBIRA. Wogulitsayo ndi wa ntchito ya uinjiniya wa ntchito za Excel zopangidwa. Ntchito yake ndikusintha zofunikira za muyeso wina kukhala mzake. Syntax yantchitoyi ndi motere:

= CONV (nambala; kutulutsa; kutulutsa_kutha)

"Chiwerengero" ndi mkangano mu mawonekedwe a kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka komwe kukufunika kusinthidwa kukhala gawo lina.

"Source source" - mkangano womwe umatsimikizira gawo la kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka komwe kungasinthidwe. Imakhazikitsidwa ndi nambala yapadera yomwe imagwirizana ndi gawo linalake la muyeso.

"Final unit" - mkangano womwe umatsimikizira gawo la muyeso womwe kuchuluka kwake kumayambira. Amapangidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito manambala apadera.

Tiyenera kukhazikika pamakhodi awa mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa tidzazifuna pambuyo pake popanga Calculator. Makamaka, tidzafunika manambala a magawo a misa. Nayi mindandanda wawo:

• g - galamala;
• kg - kilogalamu;
• mg - milligram;
• lbm - mapaundi achingelezi;
• ozm - wothandizira
• sg - slag;
• inu - unit atomiki.

Tiyeneranso kunenanso kuti mfundo zonse za ntchitoyi zitha kukhazikitsidwa, limodzi ndi mfundo komanso zolozera kumalo omwe amakhala.

1. Choyamba, timapanga zopanda kanthu. Chida chathu chowerengera chidzakhala ndi magawo anayi:
   • Mtengo wosinthika;
   • Source Source;
   • Zotsatira zotembenuka;
   • Final unit.

   Tikhazikitsa zolemba zomwe zigawozi ziziikidwa, ndikuzisankha mwa kuzikongoletsa (mudzaze ndi malire) kuti muzitha kuwona bwino.

   Kulowa m'minda "Mtengo wosinthika", "Malire oyimira" ndi "Malire omaliza" tidzalowetsa zosanjazo, ndi kumunda "Zotsatira Zotembenuza" - zotsatira zomaliza zikuwonetsedwa.



2. Pangani izi kuti m'munda "Mtengo wosinthika" wogwiritsa ntchito amangolowetsa zotsika zovomerezeka, zomwe ndi zochuluka kuposa zero. Sankhani khungu lomwe mtengo wosinthika udalowetsedwa. Pitani ku tabu "Zambiri" ndi bokosi la zida "Gwirani ntchito ndi deta" dinani pachizindikiro Chitsimikiziro cha data.



3. Windo la chida limayamba Chitsimikiziro cha data. Choyamba, pangani zosintha mu tabu "Zosankha". M'munda "Mtundu wa deta" kuchokera pamndandandawu, sankhani chizindikiro Zovomerezeka. M'munda "Mtengo" komanso kuchokera pamndandanda tikuyimitsa chisankho panjira Zambiri. M'munda "Ochepera " mtengo wokhazikitsidwa "0". Chifukwa chake, manambala enieni (kuphatikiza owerengeka) omwe ndiakulu kuposa zero ndi omwe angalowe mu foni iyi.



4. Pambuyo pake timapita ku tabu ya zenera lomwelo "Uthenga woti mulowe". Apa mutha kufotokozera zomwe zikuyenera kukhazikitsidwa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito. Adzaziwona posonyeza kufunika kwa chiwongola dzanja. M'munda "Uthenga" lembani izi: "Lowetsani unyinji kuti utembenuke.".



5. Kenako timasunthira ku tabu "Uthenga wolakwika". M'munda "Uthenga" tiyenera kulemba malingaliro omwe wosuta awona ngati atenga data yolakwika. Timalemba izi: "Mtengo womwe walowetsedwa uyenera kukhala nambala yabwino." Zitatha izi, kuti mumalize ntchitoyo pazenera kuti muone momwe mumakhazikitsira ndikusunga zoikamo zomwe tidalowa, dinani batani "Zabwino".



6. Monga mukuwonera, mukasankha foni, nthawi yomweyo imayang'ana.



7. Tiyeni tiyesere kuyika mtengo wolakwika pamenepo, mwachitsanzo, zolemba kapena nambala yolakwika. Monga mukuwonera, uthenga wolakwika umawonekera ndipo kulowetsako ndikotseka. Dinani batani Patulani.



8. Koma mtengo woyenera umalowa popanda mavuto.



9. Tsopano pitani kumunda "Source source". Apa tidzipangitsa kuti wogwiritsa ntchito asankhe mtengo kuchokera mndandanda wokhala ndi mfundo zisanu ndi ziwirizo, mndandanda womwe unaperekedwa pamwambawu pofotokoza za ntchito KULAMBIRA. Kuyika mfundo zina sikugwira ntchito.

   Sankhani khungu lomwe lili pansi pa dzinalo "Source source". Dinani pazizindikiro kachiwiri Chitsimikiziro cha data.



10. Pazenera lotsimikizira deta lomwe limatseguka, pitani tabu "Zosankha". M'munda "Mtundu wa deta" khazikitsani gawo Mndandanda. M'munda "Gwero" semicolon (;) lembani manambala a mayina amtundu wambiri pa ntchitoyo KULAMBIRAzomwe tidakambirana pamwambapa. Kenako, dinani batani "Zabwino".



11. Monga mukuwonera, tsopano, ngati mungasankhe mundawo "Source source", pomwe kumanja kwake kumaoneka chithunzi chamtundu wokhala ndi makona atatu. Mukadina, mndandanda umayamba ndi mayina a magawo a muyeso wa misa.



12. Ndondomeko yomweyo pawindo Chitsimikiziro cha data kunyamula ndi khungu lomwe lili ndi dzina "Final unit". Amatulutsa ndendende mndandanda womwewo wa magawo a muyeso.



13. Pambuyo pake, pitani foni "Zotsatira Zotembenuza". Idzakhala ndi ntchitoyo KULAMBIRA ndikuwonetsa zotsatira za kuwerengera. Sankhani gawo ili la pepalalo ndikudina chizindikiro. "Ikani ntchito".



14. Iyamba Fotokozerani Wizard. Timadutsamo "Umisiri" ndi kusankha dzina pamenepo PREOBR. Kenako dinani batani "Zabwino".



15. Window Yogwiritsa Ntchito Itsegulidwa KULAMBIRA. M'munda "Chiwerengero" lowetsani ma cell adilesi pansi pa dzina "Mtengo wosinthika". Kuti muchite izi, ikani chidziwitso kumunda ndikudina kumanzere. Adilesi yake imawonetsedwa nthawi yomweyo m'munda. Mwanjira yomweyo, lowetsani magawo m'magawo "Source source" ndi "Final unit". Kungoti nthawi ino timadula maselo okhala ndi mayina omwewa monga awa.

    Pambuyo polemba data yonse, dinani batani "Zabwino".



16. Tikamaliza kanthu komaliza, pawindo la foni "Zotsatira Zotembenuza" nthawi yomweyo anawonetsa zotsatira za kutembenuka kwa mtengo wake, malingana ndi deta yomwe idalowa kale.



17. Tisinthe zidziwitso zomwe zili m'maselo "Mtengo wosinthika", "Source source" ndi "Final unit". Monga mukuwonera, posintha magawo, ntchitoyo imangowerengera zotsatira. Izi zikusonyeza kuti chowerengera chathu chikugwira ntchito mokwanira.



18. Koma sitinachite chinthu chimodzi chofunikira. Maselo olowetsa zidziwitso amatetezedwa kuti asalowe mu zolakwika, koma zotulutsira deta sizitetezedwa mwanjira iliyonse. Koma simungathe kulowamo chilichonse, pokhapokha njira yowerengera imangochotsedwa ndipo chowerengera sichingagwire ntchito. Mwakulakwitsa, mutha kuyika deta iyi mu foni yanu nokha, osatchula omwe ali mgawo lachitatu. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kulembanso njira yonse. Muyenera kuletsa kulowa kulikonse pano.

    Vutoli ndikuti loko limakhazikitsidwa pa pepala lonse. Koma ngati titatseketsa pepalalo, sitingathe kulowetsa zambiri m'magawo olowa. Chifukwa chake, tifunikira kuchotsa mwayi wolepheretsa kuchokera pazinthu zonse za pepalalo, kenako ndikubwezeretseraku chinthu chokha mu khungu kuti muwonetse zotsatira zake, ndikuletsa pepalalo.

    Dinani kumanzere pachinthu polumikizana ndi mapanelo olondola ndi ofukula. Pankhaniyi, pepala lonse limatsimikizidwa. Kenako ife dinani kulondola kusankha. Menyu yazomwe zimatsegulidwa momwe timasankhira malo "Mtundu wamtundu ...".



19. Tsamba losintha likuyamba. Pitani ku tabu mmenemo "Chitetezo" ndi kusazindikira njira "Selo yotetezedwa". Kenako dinani batani "Zabwino".



20. Pambuyo pake, sankhani khungu lokha kuti muwonetse zotsatira ndikudina batani ndi batani la mbewa. Pazosankha zawonekera, dinani chinthucho Mtundu Wa Cell.



21. Apanso pazenera lopangidwe, pitani ku tabu "Chitetezo", koma nthawi ino, m'malo mwake, fufuzani bokosi pafupi ndi paramu "Selo yotetezedwa". Kenako dinani batani "Zabwino".



22. Pambuyo pake, pitani ku tabu "Ndemanga" ndikudina chizindikiro Tetezani Mapepalaili mu chipangizo "Sinthani".



23. Tsamba lachitetezo cha pepala limatsegulidwa. M'munda "Mawu achinsinsi oteteza pepala" lembani mawu achinsinsi omwe mungachotsere chitetezo mtsogolo ngati kuli kofunikira. Makonda ena akhoza kusiyidwa osasinthika. Dinani batani "Zabwino".



24. Kenako zenera lina laling'ono limatseguka, pomwe muyenera kubwereza mawu achinsinsi. Timachita izi ndikudina batani "Zabwino".



25. Zitatha izi, mukayesa kusintha kusintha kwazotsatira, zomwe zimachitika zimatsekedwa, zomwe zimanenedwa mu bokosi la zokambirana lomwe limawonekera.

Chifukwa chake, tayambitsa kuwerengetsera kwathunthu kosinthira kuchuluka kwa magawo azigawo zosiyanasiyana za muyeso.

Kuphatikiza apo, nkhani yokhayo imafotokoza za kupangidwe kwa mtundu wina wa wawerengeka wopendekera pang'ono mu Excel yowerengera zolipira ngongole.

Phunziro: Kuwerengera zolipiritsa pachaka ku Excel

Njira 3: gwiritsani ntchito chowerengera cha Excel

Kuphatikiza apo, Excel ili ndi makina ake owerengera ake. Zowona, ndikungokayika batani loyambitsa kuti lizikhazikitse lilibe pa riboni kapena pagawo lofikira mwachangu. Ganizirani momwe mungayambitsire.

1. Pambuyo poyambira Excel, timasunthira ku tabu Fayilo.



2. Kenako, pazenera lomwe limatseguka, pitani ku gawo "Zosankha".



3. Pambuyo poyambira zenera la Excel, sankhani gawo Chida Chofikira Mwachangu.



4. Zenera limatseguka kutsogolo kwathu, mbali yakumanja yomwe imagawidwa m'magawo awiri. Mbali yakumanja ndi zida zomwe zidawonjezedwa kale pazida zothandizira kupeza. Kumanzere kuli zida zonse zomwe zimapezeka ku Excel, kuphatikizapo zomwe sizikupezeka pa riboni.

   Pamwamba pazenera kumanzere Sankhani Magulu kuchokera pamndandanda, sankhani "Matimu osakhala pa tepi". Pambuyo pake, m'ndandanda wazida m'dera lakumanzere, yang'anani dzinalo "Calculator". Zikhala zosavuta kupeza, chifukwa mayina onse adalembedwa motengera zilembo. Kenako timapanga dzinali.

   Pamwamba pazenera lamanja pali munda "Sinthani Chida Chauta Kufulumira". Ili ndi magawo awiri:

   • Zolemba zonse;
   • Kwa bukuli.

   Mwachisawawa, zoikamo zimapangidwira mapepala onse. Izi zikulimbikitsidwa kuti zizisiyidwa kuti zisasinthidwe ngati palibe zoyambira.

   Pambuyo posintha zonse zakwaniritsidwa ndi dzina "Calculator" adatsimikiza, dinani batani Onjezaniili pakati pa malo akumanja ndi kumanzere.



5. Pambuyo pa dzina "Calculator" yowonetsedwa patsamba loyenera la zenera, dinani batani "Zabwino" pansi pansipa.



6. Pambuyo pake, zenera la Excel zosankha lidzatsekedwa. Kuti muyambitse kuwerengera, muyenera dinani pazithunzi za dzina lomwelo, lomwe lili pagawo lofikira mwachangu.



7. Pambuyo pa chida ichi "Calculator" idzayambitsidwa. Imagwira ntchito ngati analogue wabwinobwino, mabatani okha amafunika kukanikizidwa ndi chowonetsa mbewa, batani lakumanzere.

Monga mukuwonera, ku Excel pali zosankha zambiri zopanga ma Calculator pazosowa zosiyanasiyana. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka mukamawerengetsera zazifupi. Zosowa wamba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chida chokhazikitsidwa.