MOMWE MUNGAPANGIRE MAYESO MU EXCEL

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Nthawi zambiri, kuyesa mtundu wa chidziwitso, yeserani kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pakuyesa zamaganizidwe ndi mitundu ina. Pa PC, mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana apadera nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba mayeso. Koma ngakhale pulogalamu yokhazikika ya Microsoft Excel, yomwe imapezeka pamakompyuta pafupifupi ogwiritsa ntchito, amatha kuthana ndi ntchitoyi. Pogwiritsa ntchito chida cha pulogalamuyi, mutha kulemba mayeso omwe amakhala otsika poyerekeza ndi mayankho omwe amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apadera. Tiyeni tiwone momwe angagwiritsire ntchito Excel kumaliza ntchito iyi.

Kukonzekera kuyeserera

Chiyeso chilichonse chimaphatikizapo kusankha imodzi mwanjira zingapo zoyankhira funso. Monga lamulo, pali angapo a iwo. Ndikofunika kuti mayeso atamalizidwa, wosuta amadzionera yekha ngati wapambana ndi mayesowo kapena ayi. Pali njira zingapo momwe mungakwaniritsire ntchitoyi ku Excel. Tatiyeni tifotokozere za momwe njira zakulera izi zingatithandizire.

Njira 1: gawo lolowera

Choyamba, tiwona njira yosavuta kwambiri. Zimatanthawuza kupezeka kwa mndandanda wa mafunso omwe mayankho amayankhidwa. Wogwiritsa ntchito adzayenera kuwonetsa mu yankho lapadera yankho lomwe akuwona kuti ndilolondola.

Timalemba funsoli palokha. Tiyeni tigwiritse ntchito masamu pamalankhulidwe awa m'njira yosavuta, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mayankho awo ngati mayankho.

Timasankha khungu lina kuti wosuta alowe nambala yankho lomwe akuwona kuti ndilolondola. Mwa kumveka bwino, timayika chizindikiro ndi chikaso.

Tsopano tikupita ku pepala lachiwiri la chikalatacho. Ndi chifukwa chake kuti mayankho olondola adzakhalapo, pomwe pulogalamuyo imatsimikizira zomwe ogwiritsa ntchitoyo amagwiritsa ntchito. Mu khungu limodzi timalemba mawuwo "Funso 1", ndipo lotsatira timayika ntchitoyo NGATI, yomwe, imawongolera kulondola kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Kuti muyitane ntchitoyi, sankhani chandamale chandamale ndikudina chizindikiro "Ikani ntchito"itayikidwa pafupi ndi mzere wa fomula.

Zenera loyenera limayamba Ogwira Ntchito. Pitani ku gulu "Zomveka" ndikuyang'ana dzinalo NGATI. Zofufuza siziyenera kukhala zazitali, popeza dzinali limayikidwa koyamba mndandanda wa ogwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru. Pambuyo pake, sankhani ntchitoyi ndikudina batani "Zabwino".

Windo la wotsutsana likuyambitsidwa NGATI. Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ali ndi magawo atatu ofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa zotsutsana zake. Kuphatikizika kwa ntchitoyi kumakhala motere:
= IF (Log_expression; Value_if_true; Value_if_false)
M'munda Mawu omveka muyenera kuyika zolumikizira za selo momwe wosuta amalowera yankho. Kuphatikiza apo, m'munda womwewo muyenera kufotokozera njira yoyenera. Pofuna kulowa zolumikizana ndi foni yojambulidwa, ikani cholozera m'munda. Kenako tibwerera Mapepala 1 ndikulemba zomwe tidakonza kuti tilembe manambala. Ogwirizanitsa ake awonekera pomwepo m'munda wamazenera otsutsa. Kenako, kuti muwone yankho lolondola m'gawo lomwelo, atatha foni, lembani mawu osanena "=3". Tsopano, ngati wogwiritsa ntchito ayika manambala mu chandamale "3", kenako yankho lidzawerengedwa kuti ndi lolondola, ndipo pazinthu zina zonse - sizili zolondola.
M'munda "Tanthauza ngati zili zoona" khazikitsani nambala "1", ndi m'munda "Tikutanthauza ngati zabodza" khazikitsani nambala "0". Tsopano, ngati wosuta asankha njira yoyenera, ndiye kuti alandila 1 cholozera, ndipo ngati cholakwika - ndiye 0 mfundo. Kuti musunge deta yomwe mwalowa, dinani batani "Zabwino" pansi pa zenera zotsutsana.

Momwemonso, timapanga ntchito zina ziwiri (kapena kuchuluka kulikonse komwe timafuna) pa pepala lomwe limawonekera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.

Kuyatsa Mapepala 2 ntchito NGATI amatanthauza zosankha zoyenera, monga tinapangira kale.

Tsopano konzekerani zigoli. Itha kuchitika ndi losavuta auto. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani zinthu zonse zomwe zili ndi formula NGATI ndipo dinani pa chithunzi cha autosum, chomwe chili patsamba la nthiti "Pofikira" mu block "Kusintha".

Monga mukuwonera, mpaka pano ndalamazo ndi zero zofunikira, popeza sitinayankhe chilichonse choyesa. Opambana kwambiri omwe wogwiritsa ntchito angapeze pamlanduwu ndi 3ngati ayankha mafunso onse molondola.

Ngati mungafune, mutha kuwonetsetsa kuti manambala omwe awonetsedwa awonetsedwa patsamba logwiritsa ntchito. Ndiye kuti, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo awona momwe adathetsera ntchitoyi. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani selo lina Mapepala 1chomwe timachitcha "Zotsatira" (kapena dzina lina labwino). Pofuna kuti tisamangokhalira kukangana kwa nthawi yayitali, timangoyikamo "= Sheet2!", Pambuyo pake timalowa adilesi ya chinthu chimenecho Mapepala 2, ndiye kuchuluka kwa mfundo.

Tiyeni tiwone momwe mayeso athu amagwirira ntchito, kupanga dala vuto limodzi. Monga mukuwonera, zotsatira za mayesowa 2 point, yomwe ikufanana ndi cholakwa chimodzi chopangidwa. Kuyesaku kumagwira ntchito molondola.

Phunziro: Ntchito IF ku Excel

Njira 2: kusiya mndandanda

Muthanso kukonza mayeso mu Excel pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wotsika. Tiyeni tiwone momwe mungachitire izi pochita.

Pangani tebulo. Mu gawo lakumanzere kwake padzakhala ntchito, chapakati - mayankho omwe wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kusankha pamndandanda wotsitsa womwe wafotokozedwa ndi wopanga mapulogalamuwo. Gawo lamanja liziwonetsa zotsatira zake, zomwe zimangopangidwa zokha molingana ndi kulondola kwa mayankho osankhidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, poyambira, pangani tebulo ndikuyambitsa mafunso. Timagwiranso ntchito zomwezo zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kale.

Tsopano tikuyenera kupanga mndandanda wokhala ndi mayankho omwe akupezeka. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani chinthu choyambirira mgululi "Yankho". Pambuyo pake, pitani ku tabu "Zambiri". Chotsatira, dinani pazizindikiro Chitsimikiziro cha datayomwe ili mgululi "Gwirani ntchito ndi deta".

Mukamaliza masitepe awa, zenera lofufuza zinthu zowoneka limayatsidwa. Pitani ku tabu "Zosankha"ngati ikuyenda mumtundu wina uliwonse. Komanso m'munda "Mtundu wa deta" kuchokera mndandanda wotsika, sankhani mtengo wake Mndandanda. M'munda "Gwero" kudzera semicolon, muyenera kulemba mayankho omwe adzawonetsedwa posankha mndandanda wathu wotsitsa. Kenako dinani batani "Zabwino" pansi pazenera.

Pambuyo pa izi, chithunzi chokhala ngati kanthambo wokhala ndi ngodya yotsika chidzawoneka kumanja kwa chipinda chomwe chili ndi mfundo zomwe zalowetsedwa. Mukamadina, mndandanda umatsegulidwa ndi zomwe tidasiyapo kale, chimodzi mwazomwe ziyenera kusankhidwa.

Momwemonso, timapanga mndandanda wamaselo ena mu mzere. "Yankho".

Tsopano tikuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mu maselo lolingana a chipilalacho "Zotsatira" mfundo yoti yankho la ntchitoyi ndi yoona kapena ayi idawonetsedwa. Monga momwe munachitira kale, izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito wothandizira NGATI. Sankhani khungu loyamba la mzati "Zotsatira" ndi kuyimba Fotokozerani Wizard podina chizindikiro "Ikani ntchito".

Kupitilira Fotokozerani Wizard pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyi yomwe idafotokozedwa kale, pitani pawindo la malingaliro NGATI. Pamaso pathu timatsegula zenera lomwelo lomwe tidawona mu nkhani yapita. M'munda Mawu omveka fotokozerani adilesi ya foni yomwe timasankhira yankho. Kenako tinaika chikwangwani "=" ndipo lembani yankho lolondola. M'malo mwathu, idzakhala nambala 113. M'munda "Tanthauza ngati zili zoona" khazikitsani kuchuluka kwa mfundo zomwe tikufuna kuti zipatsidwe kwa wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ndikusankha koyenera. Lolani izi, monga momwe zinalili kale, zikhale nambala "1". M'munda "Tikutanthauza ngati zabodza" khazikitsani kuchuluka kwa mfundo. Ngati lingaliro silili bwino, lolani kuti likhale zero. Mukamaliza kuwonetsa pamwambapa, dinani batani "Zabwino".

Mwanjira yomweyi timakhazikitsa ntchito NGATI ku maselo otsala a mzati "Zotsatira". Mwachilengedwe, m'malo onsewo, m'munda Mawu omveka Padzakhala mtundu wathu wa yankho lolondola lomwe likugwirizana ndi funsoli.
Pambuyo pake, timapanga mzere womaliza, pomwe gawo lonse la mfundozo lidzatulutsidwa. Sankhani maselo onse omwe akusunthidwa. "Zotsatira" ndikudina chithunzi cha auto-sum chomwe timachidziwa kale tabu "Pofikira".

Pambuyo pake, kugwiritsa ntchito mindandanda pansi muma cell a cell "Yankho" Tikuyesa kuwunikira njira zabwino zothetsera ntchito zomwe mwapatsidwa. Monga momwe zinalili kale, timalakwitsa mwadala malo amodzi. Monga mukuwonera, tsopano sitikuwona zotsatira za mayeso wamba, komanso funso linalake, yankho lake lomwe lili ndi cholakwika.

Njira 3: kugwiritsa ntchito zowongolera

Mutha kuyesanso kugwiritsa ntchito mabatani kuti musankhe yankho lanu.

Kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yoyendetsera, choyambirira, onetsetsani tabu "Wopanga". Mosasamala, walephera. Chifukwa chake, ngati sichinayambikebe mu mtundu wanu wa Excel, manambala ena ayenera kuchitidwa. Choyamba, pitani ku tabu Fayilo. Pamenepo timapita ku gawo "Zosankha".

Zosankha zenera zimagwira. Iyenera kusunthira ku gawo Kukhazikika kwa Ribbon. Kenako, kumbali yoyenera ya zenera, onetsetsani bokosi pafupi ndi pomwepo "Wopanga". Kuti masinthidwe achitike, dinani batani "Zabwino" pansi pazenera. Pambuyo pa izi, tabu "Wopanga" limawonekera pa tepi.

Choyamba, timalowa nawo ntchitoyi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njirayi, iliyonse imayikidwa papepala lina.

Pambuyo pake, timapita ku tabu yokhazikitsidwa posachedwa "Wopanga". Dinani pachizindikiro Ikaniyomwe ili mgululi "Olamulira". Mu gulu lazithunzi "Zolamulira Fomu" sankhani chinthu chotchedwa "Sinthani". Imawoneka ngati batani lozungulira.

Timadina pamalopo pomwe tifuna kuyankha. Apa ndipomwe chitetezo chomwe timafunikira chimawonekera.

Kenako timalowetsa yankho limodzi m'malo mwa dzina batani wamba.

Pambuyo pake, sankhani chinthucho ndikudina ndi batani la mbewa yoyenera. Kuchokera pazomwe zilipo, sankhani Copy.

Sankhani maselo pansipa. Kenako ife dinani kulondola kusankha. Pamndandanda womwe umawonekera, sankhani mawonekedwe Ikani.

Chotsatira, timayika maulendo ena awiri, popeza tidasankha kuti pakhale mayankho anayi, ngakhale munthawi iliyonse kuchuluka kwawo kungakhale kosiyana.

Kenako timasinthanso njira iliyonse kuti isagwirizane. Koma musaiwale kuti imodzi mwazomwe mungasankhe ziyenera kukhala zowona.

Kenako, timatenga chinthucho kuti tikapange ntchito yotsatira, ndipo kwa ife izi zitanthauza kusamukira ku pepala lina. Dinani pazizindikiro kachiwiri Ikaniili pa tabu "Wopanga". Nthawi ino pitani pakusankhidwa kwa zinthu zomwe zili mgululi ActiveX amazilamulira. Sankhani chinthu Bataniyomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe amakona.

Timadina pa chikalata, chomwe chili pansi pa zomwe zidalowetsedwa kale. Pambuyo pake, chinthu chofunikira chikuwonetsedwa.

Tsopano tikuyenera kusintha zina mwa batani lopangidwa. Timadina ndi batani loyenera la mbewa ndi menyu omwe amatsegula, sankhani mawonekedwe "Katundu".

Zenera loyang'anira katundu limatseguka. M'munda "Dzinalo" sinthani dzinalo kukhala lina lomwe likhala loyenera pazinthu izi, mwa dzina lathu likhala dzina Chotsatira. Dziwani kuti palibe malo omwe amaloledwa pantchito iyi. M'munda "Caption" lowetsani mtengo wake "Funso lotsatira". Pali malo omwe aloledwa kale, ndipo ili ndi dzina lomwe lidzawonetsedwa pabatani lathu. M'munda "BackColor" sankhani mtundu wa chinthucho. Pambuyo pake, mutha kutseka zenera la malo podina chizindikiro choyandikira pakona yake yakumanja.

Tsopano ife dinani molondola pa dzina la pepalalo. Pazosankha zomwe zimatsegulira, sankhani Tchulani.

Pambuyo pake, dzina la pepalalo limayamba kugwira ntchito, ndipo timalowetsa dzina latsopano pamenepo "Funso 1".

Apanso, dinani kumanja pa icho, koma tsopano pa menyu tikuimitsa kusankha pa chinthucho "Sunthani kapena koperani ...".

Zenera lopanga kukopera liyamba. Chongani bokosi pafupi ndi chinthucho. Pangani Copy ndipo dinani batani "Zabwino".

Pambuyo pake, sinthani dzina la pepalali kukhala "Funso lachiwiri" momwemonso monga kale. Tsambali pakadali pano lili ndizofanana zofanana ndi pepala lapakale.

Timasintha nambala ya ntchito, mawu, komanso mayankho pa pepala ili kwa omwe tikuwona kuti ndiofunikira.

Momwemonso, pangani ndikusintha zomwe zili patsamba. "Funso lachitatu". Pokhapokha, popeza iyi ndiye ntchito yomaliza, m'malo mwa dzina batani "Funso lotsatira" mutha kuyika dzina "Kuyesa kwathunthu". Momwe mungachitire izi takambirana kale.

Tsopano bweretsani tabu "Funso 1". Tiyenera kumangirira kusinthaku kwa khungu linalake. Kuti muchite izi, dinani kumanzere kusinthaku kulikonse. Pazosankha zomwe zimatsegulira, sankhani "Fomu yazinthu ...".

Tsamba lolamulira limayatsidwa. Pitani ku tabu "Lamulira". M'munda Cell Link ikani adilesi ya chinthu chilichonse chopanda kanthu. Manambala adzawonetsedwa potengera momwe akauntiyo izigwirira ntchito.

Timachitanso zomwezo pamashiti okhala ndi ntchito zina. Kuti zitheke, ndikofunikira kuti selo lomwe limalumikizidwa likhale pamalo amodzi, koma pamasamba osiyanasiyana. Pambuyo pake, timabwereranso ku pepalalo "Funso 1". Dinani kumanja pa chinthucho "Funso lotsatira". Pazosankha, sankhani malo Mawu oyambira.

Wokonza lamulo akutsegula. Pakati pa magulu "Zachinsinsi" ndi "Mapeto Sub" tikuyenera kulembera kachidindo kuti tipite patsamba lotsatira. Pankhaniyi, zikuwoneka motere:
Ma worksheets ("Funso 2") Yambitsani
Pambuyo pake timatseka zenera la mkonzi.

Mapangidwe ofanana ndi batani lolingana amachitidwa papepala "Funso lachiwiri". Ndi pokhapokha timalowetsa kutsatira:
Zolemba patsamba ("Funso 3") Yambitsani

Mumabatani olamulira a pepala "Funso lachitatu" lembani izi:
Zolemba patsamba ("Zotsatira"). Yambitsani

Pambuyo pake, pangani pepala latsopano lotchedwa "Zotsatira". Ziwonetsa zotsatira zakupambana mayeso. Pazifukwa izi, pangani tebulo la mizati inayi: Nambala Yafunso, "Yankho loyenera", "Adalowa yankho" ndi "Zotsatira". Mu mzere woyamba timalowetsa zotsatizana zingapo za ntchito "1", "2" ndi "3". Mu gawo lachiwiri loyang'anizana ndi ntchito iliyonse timalowetsa nambala yosintha yolingana ndi yankho lolondola.

M'chipinda choyambirira m'munda "Adalowa yankho" ikani chizindikiro "=" ndikuwonetsa kulumikizana ndi foni yomwe tidalumikiza kusintha kwapa "Funso 1". Timachita zofananira ndi ma cell omwe ali pansipa, kwa iwookhawo timawonetsa maulalo a ma cell ofanana pamapepala "Funso lachiwiri" ndi "Funso lachitatu".

Pambuyo pake, sankhani gawo loyambirira la chipilalacho "Zotsatira" ndikuyitanitsa ntchito yotsutsana ndi ntchito NGATI momwemonso momwe tidakambirana pamwambapa. M'munda Mawu omveka tchulani adilesi ya foni "Adalowa yankho" mzere wofanana. Kenako timayika chikwangwani "=" ndipo zitatha izi tikuwonetsa kulumikizana kwa chinthucho "Yankho loyenera" mzere womwewo. M'minda "Tanthauza ngati zili zoona" ndi "Tikutanthauza ngati zabodza" lowetsani manambala "1" ndi "0" motero. Pambuyo pake, dinani batani "Zabwino".

Kuti muthe kukopera njira iyi pazomwe zili pansipa, ikani chikhazikitso pakona yakumanja kwa chinthucho. Nthawi yomweyo, chizindikilo chodzaza chimawoneka ngati mtanda. Dinani batani lakumanzere ndikukhwezera chikhomo mpaka kumapeto kwa tebulo.

Pambuyo pake, mwachidule, timayika zolemba zokha, monga zakhala zikuchitidwa kale kuposa kamodzi.

Pamenepa, mapangidwe a mayesowa amatha kuonedwa kuti anamaliza. Ali wokonzeka kupita.

Tidayang'ana kwambiri njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira kuyesa pogwiritsa ntchito zida za Excel. Zachidziwikire, uwu si mndandanda wathunthu wazamayesero onse omwe mungagwiritse ntchito pochita izi. Kuphatikiza zida ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, mutha kupanga mayeso omwe ndi osiyana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake pogwiritsa ntchito magwiridwe antchito. Nthawi yomweyo, ziyenera kudziwika kuti nthawi zonse, popanga mayeso, ntchito yanzeru imagwiritsidwa ntchito NGATI.

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