Mukamagwira ntchito ndi matebulo a Excel, nthawi zambiri mumayenera kuthana ndi magawo onse azidziwitso. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito zina zimatanthawuza kuti gulu lonse la maselo liyenera kusinthidwa lenileni. Excel ili ndi zida zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wochita izi. Tiyeni tiwone momwe mungasamalire madongosolo akadaulo mu pulogalamuyi.
Ntchito za Array
Zosanjidwa ndi gulu la data lomwe lili pa pepala loyandikana nawo. Kwakukulu, tebulo lililonse lingatengedwe kukhala laling'ono, koma si lirilonse la iwo ndi tebulo, chifukwa lingakhale laling'ono. Mwakutero, madera oterewa amatha kukhala amtundu umodzi kapena awiri (matrices). Poyambirira, deta yonse imapezeka mu mzere umodzi kapena mzere umodzi.
Kachiwiri - zingapo panthawi imodzi.
Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yopingasa ndi yowongoka imasiyanitsidwa pakati pa mawonekedwe amodzi, kutengera ngati mzere kapena mzati.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ma aligorith omwe amagwira ntchito ndi magawo ofanana ndi osiyana mwazomwe amachita ndi maselo amodzi, ngakhale pali zambiri zofanana pakati pawo. Tiyeni tiwone zovuta za ntchito zoterezi.
Pangani formula
Njira zingapo ndi mawu omwe mndandanda umakonzedwa kuti mupeze zotsatira zomaliza zomwe zikuwoneka mndandanda wonse kapena gulu limodzi. Mwachitsanzo, kuti muwonjezere mtundu umodzi ndi wachiwiri, ikani mafomu mwanjira iyi:
= array_address1 * arr__ddress2
Muthanso kuchita kuwonjezera, kuchotsa, kugawa, ndi masamu ena magawo a data.
Makanema ochita kupanga omwe ali munsi mwa ma adilesi a selo lake loyamba ndi omaliza, olekanitsidwa ndi colon. Ngati masanjidwewo ali ndi mbali ziwiri, ndiye kuti maselo oyamba ndi omaliza amapezeka mothandizana. Mwachitsanzo, adilesi yamagulu omwe ali ndi mbali imodzi akhoza kukhala motere: A2: A7.
Ndipo chitsanzo cha adilesi yazigawo ziwiri ndi iyi: A2: D7.
- Kuti mupeze njira yofananira, muyenera kusankha pa pepala lomwe malembawo akuwonetsedwa, ndikuyika mawu owerengera mu barula yokhazikitsira.
- Pambuyo polowa, osadina batani Lowanimonga mwa nthawi zonse, ndipo lembani chophatikiza Ctrl + Shift + Lowani. Pambuyo pake, mawu omwe ali mu formula bar azidzangotengedwa okha mabakitoni, ndipo maselo omwe ali papepala adzadzazidwa ndi zomwe zapezeka chifukwa cha kuwerengera, mkati lonse lonse.
Kusintha zomwe zili mzere
Ngati m'tsogolo mukuyesera kuzimitsa kapena kusintha maselo aliwonse omwe ali mgawo lomwe zotsatira zake zikuwonetsedwa, ndiye kuti zomwe mukuchitazo zalephera. Komanso, palibe chomwe chidzagwira ntchito ngati muyesera kusintha datayo mzere wothandizira. Mauthenga achidziwitso adzawoneka momwe munganene kuti ndizosatheka kusintha gawo la ena. Uthengawu uwoneka ngakhale kuti mulibe cholinga choti musinthe, ndipo mwangodina mwangozi mwadzidzidzi pafoni yamitundu.
Ngati mutatseka, uthengawu podina batani "Zabwino", kenako yeserani kusuntha chotchingira ndi mbewa, kapena ingolinani batani "Lowani", ndiye kuti chidziwitso chidzawonekeranso. Zilephereranso kutseka pulogalamuyi kapena kusunga chikalatacho. Mauthenga okwiyitsawa amawonekera nthawi zonse, omwe amaletsa chilichonse. Koma pali njira yochotsera izi ndipo ndi yosavuta
- Tsekani zenera lazidziwitso podina batani "Zabwino".
- Kenako dinani batani Patulani, yomwe ili mgulu la zithunzi kumanzere kwa mzere wa fomula, ndipo ili chithunzi pamtanda. Mukhozanso dinani batani. Esc pa kiyibodi. Zochita zonsezi mutazichita, ziziimitsidwa, ndipo mutha kugwira ntchito ndi pepalali monga kale.
Koma bwanji ngati mukufunikiradi kufufuta kapena kusintha njira yomwe mwakhala nayo? Pankhaniyi, chitani izi:
- Kuti musinthe fomula, sankhani ndi chowunikira, mutanyamula batani lakumanzere, mndandanda wonsewo patsamba lomwe zotsatira zake zikuwonetsedwa. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa ngati mungasankhe khungu limodzi mokhazikika, palibe chomwe chidzagwira ntchito. Kenako, mu barula yamu formula, sinthani zina zofunika.
- Masinthidwe atatha, dinani kuphatikiza Ctrl + Shift + Esc. Fomuloli lisinthidwa.
- Kuti tichotse machitidwe ambiri, monga momwe zinalili kale, sankhani maselo onse omwe apezeka ndi kounikira. Kenako dinani batani Chotsani pa kiyibodi.
- Pambuyo pake, mawonekedwe ake adzachotsedwa m'dera lonselo. Tsopano ndizotheka kuyika chilichonse mu icho.
Limbani Ntchito
Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopangidwa ndi Excel zopangidwa mwanjira yomweyo. Mutha kuwapeza kudzera Fotokozerani Wizardmwa kukanikiza batani "Ikani ntchito" kumanzere kwa baramu yamu formula. Kapena mu tabu Mawonekedwe Pa riboni, mutha kusankha imodzi mwamagawo omwe wogwiritsa ntchito ali ndi chidwi.
Pambuyo wogwiritsa ntchito Ntchito wiz kapena sankhani dzina la wothandizira pa batani lazida, zenera la ntchito limatseguka pomwe mutha kuyika deta yoyambirira yowerengera.
Malamulo olowera ndikusintha magwiridwe, ngati akuwonetsa zotsatira m'maselo angapo nthawi imodzi, ndiwofanana ndi njira zingapo. Ndiye kuti, mutalowetsa phindu, muyenera kuyika kalozera mu barula ya fomula ndikulemba kuphatikiza kiyi Ctrl + Shift + Lowani.
Phunziro: Ntchito Wizard ku Excel
Wogwiritsa ntchito SUM
Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri mu Excel ndi SUM. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito onse kuti mupeze zomwe zili m'maselo amodzi payokha, ndikupeza kuchuluka kwazomwe zikuchitika. Kapangidwe kameneka ka mawuwa pamakonzedwe awa ndi motere:
= SUM (arr11; arr22; ...)
Wogwiritsa ntchitoyu akuwonetsa zotsatira mu foni imodzi, chifukwa chake, kuti athe kuwerengera, mutalowa nawo zidziwitso, ndikokwanira kukanikiza batani "Zabwino" pawindo la kutsutsana kapena ntchito Lowaningati zofunikira zinali zolemba.
Phunziro: Momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa Excel
WOLEMA MTENDERE
Ntchito KUTENGA ndi othandizira ambiri. Zimakuthandizani kuti mutsegule matebulo kapena matrices, ndiye kuti, musinthe mizere ndi mizati m'malo. Nthawi yomweyo, imagwiritsa ntchito kutulutsa zotsatira zokha m'maselo osiyanasiyana, chifukwa mutatha kuyambitsa opaleshoni iyi, ndikofunikira kuyika chophatikiza Ctrl + Shift + Lowani. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti asanakhazikitse mawuwo, ndikofunikira kusankha pa pepalalo pomwe maselo omwe ali mgawo azikhala olingana ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo mzere wa tebulo loyambirira (matrix) ndipo, mosiyana, kuchuluka kwa maselo mzerewo kuyenera kufanana ndi kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero. Syntax yoyeserera ili motere:
= TRANSPOSE (mndandanda)
Phunziro: Transpose matrixes ku Excel
Phunziro: Momwe mungatsegule tebulo ku Excel
Wogwiritsa ntchito MOBR
Ntchito MOBR limakupatsani kuwerengera mosiyana matrix. Malamulo onse okhudzana ndi opaleshoni iyi ndi ofanana ndendende ndi am'mbuyomu. Koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuwerengera kosawerengeka kwa matrix kumatheka pokhapokha ngati kuli ndi mizere yofanana, ndipo ngati kutsimikizika kwake sikofanana ndi zero. Ngati mungagwiritse ntchito iyi kumalo osiyanasiyana ndi mizere, m'malo mwa zotsatira zoyenera, zotulukazo zikuwonetsa mtengo wake "#VALUE!". Makina a formula iyi ndi:
= MOBR (gulu)
Kuti mupeze chiwerengero, ntchito imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi syntax yotsatirayi:
= MOPRED (mndandanda)
Phunziro: Matrix osokoneza mu Excel
Monga mukuwonera, magwiridwe antchito omwe amakhala ndi mizere amathandizira kuti asunge nthawi mukawerengera, komanso malo aulere, chifukwa simukufunika kuwonjezera chidule cha zomwe zimaphatikizidwa kuti zizigwiranso ntchito zina. Zonsezi zimachitika pa ntchentche. Ndipo magawo ndi magwiridwe antchito okha ndi omwe ali oyenera kusintha matebulo ndi matrices, popeza njira wamba sizingagwire ntchito zofanana. Koma nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kukumbukira kuti malamulo owonjezera ndi kusintha kwamalingaliro amagwiranso ntchito pa mawu oterowo.
