Microsoft Excel macros imatha kufulumizitsa kwambiri ntchito ndi zolemba mu mkonzi wamapepala awa. Izi zimatheka pokhapokha pobwereza zomwe zalembedwa mu code yapadera. Tiyeni tiwone momwe amapangira macros ku Excel, ndi momwe mungasinthire.
Njira za Kujambulira kwa Macro
Macro akhoza kulembedwa m'njira ziwiri:
- basi;
- ndi dzanja.
Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyamba, mumangolemba zochitika zina mu pulogalamu ya Microsoft Excel yomwe mukuchita. Kenako, mutha kusewera kujambula. Njirayi ndi yosavuta, ndipo siyenera kudziwa chidziwitso, koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumakhala kochepa.
Kujambula kwamanja pamanja, m'malo mwake, kumafunikira chidziwitso cha mapulogalamu, popeza code imayimiriridwa pamanja kuchokera pa kiyibodi. Koma, kulembedwa moyenera motere m'njira imeneyi kumathandizira kwambiri kuti njira zizichitika.
Kujambulitsa Makina a Macro
Musanayambe kujambula zojambula zazikulu zokha, muyenera kulola ma macro ku Microsoft Excel.
Kenako, pitani ku "Mapulogalamu" a batani. Dinani pa batani la "Macro Record", lomwe lili kumbali ya "Code" block.
Windo lojambulira zazikulukulu limatsegula. Apa mungatchule dzina lililonse lamagulu angapo ngati loyiyo silikugwirizana nanu. Chachikulu ndichakuti dzinalo limayamba ndi chilembo, osati ndi nambala. Komanso, mutuwo suyenera kukhala ndi malo. Tinasiya dzina lokhazikika - "Macro1".
Nthawi yomweyo, ngati mungafune, mutha kukhazikitsa njira yachidule, mutadina, mapulogalamuwo adzakhazikitsidwa. Kiyi yoyamba iyenera kukhala fungulo la Ctrl, ndipo wosuta amakhazikitsa kiyi yachiwiri palokha. Mwachitsanzo, ife, monga mwachitsanzo, timayika kiyi M.
Kenako, muyenera kudziwa komwe zipatsozo zikasungidwa. Mwakusintha, izisungidwa m'buku lomwelo (fayilo), koma ngati mungafune, mutha kuyikamo buku latsopanoli, kapena buku losiyanako ndi ma macros. Tisiyira mtengo wotsalira.
M'munda womwe uli pansi kwambiri, mutha kusiya malongosoledwe ena a macro omwe ali oyenera kuwonera. Koma, izi sizofunikira.
Zosintha zonse zikamalizidwa, dinani batani "Chabwino".
Pambuyo pake, zochita zanu zonse zomwe zili mubookbook iyi ya Excel (fayilo) zizijambulidwa mu macro mpaka inu nokha kusiya kujambula.
Mwachitsanzo, timalemba zochita zosavuta kwambiri: kuwonjezera zomwe zili m'maselo atatu (= C4 + C5 + C6).
Pambuyo pake, dinani batani "Lekani Kulemba". Kanemiyi adasinthidwa kuchokera ku batani la "Macro Record", atatha kujambula.
Macro amathamanga
Kuti muwone momwe ma macro ojambulawa amagwirira ntchito, dinani batani "Macros" mu "Code" yofanana, kapena akanikizire Alt + F8.
Pambuyo pake, zenera limatsegulidwa ndi mndandanda wama macros ojambulidwa. Tikuyang'ana ma macro omwe tidalemba, tisankhe, ndikudina batani "Run".
Mutha kuchita zosavuta, komanso osayitanitsa zenera losankha zazikulu. Tikukumbukira kuti tidalemba kuphatikiza "mafungulo otentha" pakupembedzera mwachangu kwambiri. M'malo mwathu, uyu ndi Ctrl + M. Timalemba izi pa kiyibodi, pambuyo pake zipatso zazikuluzo zimayamba.
Monga mukuwonera, zazikuluzo zidachita ndendende zochita zonse zomwe zidalembedwa kale.
Kusintha kwa Macro
Kuti musinthe ma macro, dinani batani "Macros" kachiwiri. Pazenera lomwe limatsegulira, sankhani ma macro omwe mukufuna, ndikudina batani la "Sinthani".
Kutsegula Microsoft Visual Basic (VBE) - chilengedwe chomwe kusintha ma macro.
Kujambulitsa macro iliyonse kumayamba ndi Sub command, ndikutha ndi End Sub command. Atangomvera lamulo la Sub, dzina la zazikululo limawonetsedwa. Wogwiritsa ntchito "Range (" ... ") Sankhani kusankha maselo. Mwachitsanzo, ndi lamulo "Range (" C4 "). Sankhani," cell C4 imasankhidwa. Wogwiritsa ntchito "ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1" amagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula zochita munjira, komanso kuwerengera kwina.
Tiyeni tiyesere kusintha pang'ono. Kuti muchite izi, onjezani mawuwa ku macro:
Range ("C3"). Sankhani
ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 = "11"
Mawu akuti "ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 =" = R [-3] C + R [-2] C + R [-1] C "amasinthidwa ndi" ActiveCell.FormulaR1C1 = "= R [-4] C + R [-3 ] C + R [-2] C + R [-1] C "."
Titseka mkonzi, ndikuyendetsa zazikulu, monga nthawi yotsiriza. Monga mukuwonera, chifukwa cha kusintha komwe tidatulutsa, khungu lina la data linawonjezeredwa. Zinaphatikizidwanso pakuwerengera kuchuluka konse.
Ngati ma macro ndi akulu kwambiri, zimatha nthawi yayitali kuti awononge. Koma, popanga kusintha kwa bukhuli, titha kufulumizitsa njirayi. Onjezani lamulo "Application.ScreenUpdating = Zonama". Idzapulumutsa mphamvu yama kompyuta, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ntchito yofulumira. Izi zimatheka popewa kukonzanso pazenera panthawi yamakompyuta. Kuti tiyambenso kukonzanso tikamaliza ma macro, kumapeto timalembera lamulo "Application.ScreenUpdating = Zowona"
Onjezani lamulo "Application.Calculation = xlCalculationManual" koyambirira kwa code, ndipo kumapeto kwa code tikuwonjezera "Application.Calculation = xlCalculationAutomatic". Chifukwa chake, kumayambiriro kwa macro, timazimitsa kuzungulira kwazomwe zimachitika pambuyo pa kusintha kwa khungu lililonse, ndipo kumapeto kwa macro, kuyimitsani. Chifukwa chake, Excel awerengera zotsatira kamodzi kokha, ndipo sadzanena mobwerezabwereza, zomwe zimapulumutsa nthawi.
Kulemba nambala yamacro kuyambira zikwangwani
Ogwiritsa ntchito otsogola sangangokhala osinthira ndi kutsegulira macros ojambulidwa, komanso kulemba makodi apamwamba kuyambira poyambira. Kuti muyambitse izi, muyenera dinani batani "Visual Basic", lomwe lili koyambirira kwa nthiti ya mapulogalamu.
Pambuyo pake, zenera lozungulira la VBE limatseguka.
Wokonza pulogalamuyo amalemba zikwangwani zazikulu pamenepo.
Monga mukuwonera, ma macros mu Microsoft Excel amatha kuthamangitsa kwambiri kuchitidwa kwazinthu zonse komanso njira zofananira. Koma, nthawi zambiri, ma macros omwe code yawo imalembedwa pamanja m'malo molemba zochita okha ndioyenera izi. Kuphatikiza apo, macro code amatha kutseguliridwa kudzera pa mkonzi wa VBE kuti afulumizitse ntchitoyi.
