Mitundu yolumikizira VPN

Zimachitika kuti intaneti igwire ntchito ndikokwanira kulumikiza chingwe cha ma kompyuta ndi kompyuta, koma nthawi zina muyenera kuchita zina. Kugwirizana kwa PPPoE, L2TP, ndi PPTP kukugwiritsabe ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, wogwiritsa ntchito intaneti amapereka malangizo akukhazikitsa mitundu yoyenera ya ma routers, koma ngati mumvetsetsa zomwe mukufunika kusintha, zitha kuchitika pafupifupi pa router iliyonse.

Kukhazikitsa kwa PPPoE

PPPoE ndi imodzi mwamtundu wamalumikizidwe pa intaneti omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pogwira ntchito ndi DSL.

1. Mbali yodziwika yolumikizidwa ndi VPN iliyonse ndikugwiritsa ntchito malowedwe achinsinsi. Mitundu ina ya router imafuna kuti muike password nthawi ziwiri, ina kamodzi. Pokhazikitsa koyamba, mutha kutenga izi pamgwirizano ndi othandizira pa intaneti.



2. Kutengera ndi zofunika za wopereka, adilesi ya IP ya rautayi ikhale yokhazikika (yokhazikika) kapena yamphamvu (imatha kusintha nthawi iliyonse mukalumikiza seva). Adilesi yamphamvu imaperekedwa ndi wopereka, kotero palibe chomwe angakwaniritse apa.



3. Adilesi yachuma iyenera kulembedwa pamanja.



4. "Dzina la AC" ndi "Dzina la Utumiki" - Izi ndi njira zosankha PPPoE. Amawonetsa dzina laphokoso ndi mtundu wautumiki, motsatana. Ngati zikufunika kugwiritsidwa ntchito, wopereka ayenera kutchula izi m'malangizo.
   

   Nthawi zina, kokha "Dzina la Utumiki".
   

5. Mbali yotsatira ndikukhazikitsanso mawonekedwe. Kutengera mtundu wa rauta, zosankha zotsatirazi zizipezeka:
   • "Lumikizani zokha" - Router imalumikizana nthawi zonse pa intaneti, ndipo ngati kulumikizidwa sikulumikizidwa, kumalumikizanso.
   • "Lumikizani Kufunikira" - ngati simugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, rautayi imasiya kulumikizana. Msakatuli kapena pulogalamu ina ikayesa kulowa pa intaneti, rauta imalumikizanso.
   • "Lumikizani Pamanja" - monga momwe zidalili kale, rautayi imasokoneza ngati sugwiritsa ntchito intaneti kwanthawi yayitali. Koma nthawi yomweyo, pulogalamu ina ikapempha mwayi wopezeka pa intaneti yapadziko lonse lapansi, rautayi siyilumikizanso. Kuti mukonze izi, muyenera kupita ku makina a rauta ndikudina "batani".
   • "Kulumikizana Ndi Nthawi" - apa mutha kunena nthawi yanji kulumikizana kukugwira ntchito.

   

   • Njira ina yomwe ingakhale iyi "Nthawi zonse" -Kulumikizanaku nthawi zonse kumagwira ntchito.

   

6. Nthawi zina, ISP yanu imakufunsani kuti musankhe seva ya dzina ()"DNS"), omwe amasintha ma adilesi omwe amalembetsa a masamba (ldap-isp.ru) kukhala digito (10.90.32.64). Ngati izi sizofunika, mutha kunyalanyaza chinthuchi.



7. "MTU" - Ichi ndi kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso chogwiritsidwa ntchito posamutsa deta. Pakuwonjezera kuchuluka, mutha kuyesa zomwe mulinazo, koma nthawi zina izi zingayambitse mavuto. Nthawi zambiri, opanga intaneti amawonetsa kukula kwa MTU, koma ngati sichoncho, ndibwino kuti asakhudze gawo ili.



8. Adilesi ya MAC. Zimachitika kuti poyamba kompyuta okha ndi omwe adalumikizidwa pa intaneti ndipo makina omwe amathandizira amamangidwa ku adilesi inayake ya MAC. Popeza mafoni ndi mapiritsi akhala ponseponse, izi ndizosowa, koma ndizotheka. Ndipo pankhaniyi, mungafunike "kuwongolera" adilesi ya MAC, ndiye kuti, onetsetsani kuti rautayi ili ndi adilesi yomweyo kompyuta yomwe intaneti idakhazikitsidwa kale.



9. Kulumikizana Kwachiwiri kapena "Kulumikizana Kwachiwiri". Izi ndi zofanana ndi "Kufikira Kawiri"/"Russia PPPoE". Ndi iyo, mutha kulumikizana ndi intaneti ya operekawo. Muyenera kuzilola pokhapokha ngati wopereka akutsimikiza kuti musinthe "Kufikira Kawiri" kapena "Russia PPPoE". Apo ayi, ziyenera kuzimitsidwa. Ikatsegulidwa Mphamvu IP ISP ipereka adilesiyo zokha.



10. Mukamaliza Static IP, IP-IP ndipo nthawi zina chigoba chidzafunika kudzilembetsa nokha.

Konzani L2TP

L2TP ndi protocol ina ya VPN, imapereka mwayi waukulu, chifukwa chake imakhala yofala pakati pa mitundu yama router.

1. Kumayambiriro kwenikweni kwa kasinthidwe ka L2TP, mutha kusankha zomwe adilesi ya IP iyenera kukhala: yamphamvu kapena yovuta. Poyamba, simuyenera kuyisintha.


Kachiwiri - ndikofunikira kulembetsa osati adilesi yokha ya IP yokha ndipo nthawi zina maski ake a subnet, komanso chipata - "Adilesi ya L2TP Gateway IP".


2. Kenako mutha kutchula adilesi ya seva - "IP2 Server IP-Adilesi". Zitha kuchitika "Dzina la Seva".



3. Poyenera kulumikizana kwa VPN, muyenera kutchula dzina lolowera kapena mawu achinsinsi, omwe mungatenge mgwirizano.



4. Kenako, kulumikizana ndi seva kumakonzedwa, komwe kumachitika ngakhale kulumikizidwa kusanachitike. Mutha kutchula "Nthawi zonse"kotero kuti imakhala nthawi zonse, kapena "Zofunika"kotero kuti kulumikizana kumakhazikitsidwa pakufunidwa.



5. Zokonda pa DNS ziyenera kuchitika ngati zikufunidwa ndi wopereka.



6. Phula la MTU nthawi zambiri silifunikira kuti lisinthidwe, apo ayi wopereka intaneti awonetse malangizo omwe angaperekedwe.



7. Pofotokoza adilesi ya MAC sikuti nthawi zonse timafunikira, ndipo kwa milandu yapadera pali batani "Clone PC Adilesi Yanu Ya PC". Imapatsa adilesi ya MAC ya kompyuta pomwe kasinthidweko amachitikira kwa rauta.

Kukhazikitsa kwa PPTP

PPTP ndi mtundu wina wolumikizana ndi VPN, umapangidwa kwina chimodzimodzi monga L2TP.

1. Mutha kuyambitsa makonzedwe amtunduwu polumikiza mtundu wa adilesi ya IP. Ndi adilesi yamphamvu, palibe chomwe chimafunikira kuti chikonzekedwe.


Ngati adilesi ndi yokhazikika, kuwonjezera pakulowera adilesi yomwe, nthawi zina muyenera kutchula chigoba cha subnet - izi ndizofunikira pamene rauta siyitha kuwerengera yokha. Kenako chipata chawonetsedwa - "PPTP Gateway IP Adilesi".


2. Kenako muyenera kutchula "Adilesi ya IP ya Server ya PPTP"pomwe kuvomerezedwa kuchitika.



3. Pambuyo pake, mutha kutchula dzina lolowera achinsinsi ndi omwe amapereka.



4. Mukakhazikitsa kuyanjananso, muthanso kunena "Zofunika"kotero kuti intaneti imakhazikitsidwa pazofunidwa ndikusiyidwa ngati sagwiritsidwa ntchito.



5. Kukhazikitsa seva ya dzina la domain nthawi zambiri sikofunikira, koma nthawi zina imafunidwa ndi omwe amapereka.



6. Mtengo MTU ndibwino kusakhudza ngati sikofunikira.



7. Mundawo "Adilesi ya MAC"Mwambiri, simuyenera kudzaza, mwapadera mutha kugwiritsa ntchito batani pansipa kuti mutchule adilesi yakompyuta yomwe rautayo idakonzera.

Pomaliza

Izi zimamaliza kuwunikira kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolumikizana ndi VPN. Zachidziwikire, pali mitundu ina, koma nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mdziko lina, kapena imangopezeka mwanjira inayake ya rauta.