Njira Zowonera Kwambiri mu Microsoft Excel

Monga mukudziwa, m'magome a Excel pali mitundu iwiri yothetsera: wachibale komanso mtheradi. Poyambirira, ulalo umasintha molingana ndi kukopera kwa mtengo wosinthira, ndipo wachiwiri umakonzedweratu ndipo sukusinthika mukamakopera. Koma mosapumira, ma adilesi onse ku Excel ndi amtheradi. Nthawi yomweyo, nthawi zambiri pamakhala kufunikira kogwiritsa ntchito kufotokozera kwathunthu. Tiyeni tiwone kuti izi zingachitike bwanji.

Kugwiritsa ntchito adilesi yonse

Titha kufunikira kulongosola mwamtheradi, mwachitsanzo, pankhaniyi tikamakopera formula, gawo limodzi lomwe limakhala ndi mawonekedwe owonetsedwa angapo manambala, ndipo lachiwiri limakhala ndi mtengo wosasintha. Ndiye kuti, nambala iyi imagwira gawo lokwanira, lomwe muyenera kuchita opareshoni (kuchulukitsa, kugawa, ndi zina) pazotsatira zonse zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Ku Excel, pali njira ziwiri kukhazikitsa adilesi yokhazikika: ndikupanga ulalo wamphumphu ndikugwiritsa ntchito IND 38. Tiyeni tiwone mwanjira iliyonse mwatsatanetsatane.

Njira 1: Kulumikizana kwathunthu

Pofika pano, njira yodziwika kwambiri komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ma adilesi athunthu ndikugwiritsa ntchito maulalo. Maulalo owona ali ndi kusiyana kosagwira ntchito kokha, komanso kwapadera. Adilesi yoyenera ili ndi syntax yotsatirayi:

= A1

Pa adilesi yokhazikika, chikwangwani cha dollar chimayikidwa patsogolo pa mtengo wolumikizira:

= $ A $ 1

Chizindikiro cha dola chitha kuikidwa pamanja. Kuti muchite izi, ikani cholozera patsogolo pa mtengo woyamba wa adilesi yoyang'anira (mozungulira) yomwe ili mu khungu kapena baramu. Chotsatira, pazokongoletsera zamtundu wa Chingerezi, dinani batani "4" bokosi lamkati (kiyi idasungidwa Shift) Apa ndipomwe chizindikiro cha dollar chili. Kenako muyenera kuchitanso chimodzimodzi ndi ma vertical adilesi.

Pali njira yachangu. Ndikofunikira kuyika chidziwitso mu foni momwe adilesi imakhala ndikudina batani la F4. Pambuyo pake, chikwangwani cha dollar chidzawoneka nthawi yomweyo kutsogolo kwa mawonekedwe oyang'ana ndi owongoka a adilesi yomwe yaperekedwa.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe mtheradi umayendetsedwera pogwiritsa ntchito maulalo.

Tengani tebulo lomwe limawerengetsa malipiro a ogwira ntchito. Kuwerengera kumapangidwa ndikuchulukitsa malipiro awo ndi cholinganizidwa, chomwe ndi chimodzimodzi kwa onse ogwira ntchito. Chokwanira palokha chimapezeka pamalo osiyana pepala. Tikuyenera kuthana ndi kuwerengetsa malipiro a onse ogwira ntchito mofulumira.

1. Chifukwa chake, mu khungu loyamba la mzati "Malipiro" timayambitsa chilinganizo chachulukitsira mitengo ya wogwira ntchito yolingana ndi coeffanele. Kwa ife, fomuloli ili ndi mawonekedwe awa:

   = C4 * G3



2. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zomalizidwa, dinani batani Lowani pa kiyibodi. Zokwanira zikuwonetsedwa mu foni yomwe ili ndi fomula.



3. Tidawerengera za malipiro a wogwira ntchito woyamba. Tsopano tifunika kuchita izi kwa mizere ina yonse. Zachidziwikire, opareshoni amatha kulembera khungu lililonse pagawo. "Malipiro" pamanja, kulowetsamo formula yofananira ndi kukonza ma offset, koma tili ndi ntchito yowerengera ndalama mwachangu, ndipo zolemba zamanja zimatenga nthawi yambiri. Inde, ndipo chifukwa chiyani kuwononga mphamvu pakugwiritsa ntchito bukuli, ngati chilinganizo chikhoza kupangidwira kumaselo ena?

   Kuti mugwiritse ntchito formula, gwiritsani ntchito chida monga chodzaza. Timakhala chotembezera pakona yakumunsi kwa chipinda chomwe chili. Nthawi yomweyo, chowunikira palokha chiyenera kusinthidwa kukhala chizindikiritso chomwechi mwa mawonekedwe a mtanda. Gwirani pansi batani la mbewa yakumanzere ndikokera pomwepo mpaka kumapeto kwa tebulo.



4. Koma, monga tikuwona, mmalo mowerengera molondola malipiridwe a antchito ena onse, tili ndi ziro limodzi.



5. Tikuwona chifukwa chotsatira. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani foni yachiwiri mu mzati "Malipiro". Baramu ya formula ikuwonetsa mawu ofanana ndi foni iyi. Monga mukuwonera, chinthu choyamba (C5) imagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa wogwira ntchito amene malipiro ake tikuyembekezera. Kusunthika kwa ma linki poyerekeza ndi foni yapitayo kudachitika chifukwa cha katundu wachuma. Komabe, pankhani iyi timafunikira izi. Chifukwa cha izi, chinthu choyamba chinali kuchuluka kwa wantchito yemwe timamufuna. Koma kusintha kosinthanitsa kudachitika ndi chinthu chachiwiri. Ndipo tsopano adilesi yake sikunena za cholingana (1,28), koma ku cell yopanda kanthu.

   

   Ichi ndiye chifukwa chake kuwerengera kwa malipiro aogwira ntchito pambuyo pamndandandawo sikunali kolondola.

6. Kuti tikonze vutoli, tiyenera kusintha kusintha kwa chinthu chachiwiri kuchokera pa wachibale kupita kwa chosasintha. Kuti muchite izi, bweretsani ku khungu loyamba la mzati "Malipiro"pakuziwunikira. Kenako, timasamukira ku bar yamu formula, komwe mawu omwe timafunikira amawonetsedwa. Sankhani chinthu chachiwiri (G3) ndikudina batani la ntchito pa kiyibodi.



7. Monga mukuwonera, chikwangwani cha dollar chinaoneka pafupi ndi ogwirizanitsa ndi chinthu chachiwiri, ndipo monga, tikumbukirira, ndi chofunikira kwambiri pakuyankha. Kuti muwonetse zotsatira pazenera, dinani batani Lowani.



8. Tsopano, monga kale, timatcha chikhomo poika chikwangwani pakona yakumanzere kwa gawo loyambirira "Malipiro". Gwirani batani lakumanzere ndikulikokera pansi.



9. Monga mukuwonera, panthawiyi, kuwerengera kunachitika molondola ndipo kuchuluka kwa malipiro kwa onse ogwira nawo bizinesiyo amawerengedwa molondola.



10. Onani momwe kakhwalidwe kamakopera. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani chinthu chachiwiri cha mzati "Malipiro". Tikuwona mawu omwe ali mzere wa njira. Monga mukuwonera, zogwirizanitsa ndi chinthu choyamba (C5), yomwe idakalipobe, idasuntha mfundo imodzi poyerekeza ndi foni yapitayo. Koma chinthu chachiwiri ($ G $ 3), adilesi yomwe tidakonza, idasinthidwa.

Excel imagwiritsanso ntchito njira zotchedwa osakaniza. Poterepa, mwina mzere kapena mzerewu wakhazikika mu adilesi ya chinthucho. Izi zimatheka mwanjira yoti chikwangwani cha dollar chimangoyikidwa kutsogolo kwa umodzi wa adilesi. Nachi zitsanzo cha cholumikizira china:

= A $ 1

Adilesiyi imanenedwanso kuti ndi yosakanikirana:

= $ A1

Ndiye kuti, mtheradi wamtundu wosakanikirana umangogwiritsidwa ntchito pazimodzi mwazinthu ziwiri zoyanjanitsa.

Tiyeni tiwone momwe kulumikizidwa koteroko kungagwiritsidwire ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito gome la malipiro omwewo kwa ogwira ntchito pakampani monga chitsanzo.

1. Monga mukuwonera, m'mbuyomu tidapanga izi kuti zogwirizanitsa zonse za chinthu chachiwiri zithetsedwe. Koma tiwone ngati pankhaniyi mfundo zonse ziwiri ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa? Monga mukuwonera, mukamakopera, kusintha kosunthika kumachitika, ndipo zolumikizana mozungulira sizikhala zosasinthika. Chifukwa chake, ndikothekanso kuyika kuyika kwathunthu kwa olumikizana a mzere, ndikusiyani zolemba monga momwe zimakhalira - mbale.

   Sankhani gawo loyambirira "Malipiro" ndipo mzere wa formula timachita zomwe tafotokozazi. Timalandira mawonekedwe amitundu iyi:

   = C4 * G $ 3

   Monga mukuwonera, adilesi yokhazikika yachiwiriyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pazolumikizana za mzere. Kuti muwonetse zomwe zili mchipindacho, dinani batani Lowani.



2. Pambuyo pake, pogwiritsa ntchito chodzaza, ikani chilinganizo pamiyeso yama cell yomwe ili pansipa. Monga mukuwonera, zolipira kwa onse ogwira ntchito zinkachitika molondola.



3. Tikuwona momwe njira yomwe idatsimikizidwa ikuwonetsedwa mu khungu lachiwiri la mzati momwe tidayendetsa. Monga mukuwonera pamzera wamanzere, mutasankha izi za pepalali, ngakhale kuti zogwirizanitsa za mizereyo ndizomwe zidayankhulidwenso pachinthu chachiwiri, kusintha kosinthira kwa mzati sikunachitike. Izi ndichifukwa choti sitinakope molunjika, koma molunjika. Tikadakhala kuti tikulinganiza mozungulira, ndiye momwemonso, m'malo mwake, tikuyenera kuchita ndi adiresi yokhazikika ya olinganiza a mizati, ndipo mizere njirayi ikadakhala yosankha.

Phunziro: Zolumikizana kwathunthu komanso zachibale ku Excel

Njira 2: ntchito IND INDI

Njira yachiwiri yokonzera maadiresi opezeka ku Excel spreadsheet ndikugwiritsa ntchito wothandizira INDIA. Ntchito yomwe ikunenedwa ndi ya gulu la opanga-opanga. Malingaliro ndi Kufika. Ntchito yake ndikupanga ulalo wolumikizana ndi khungu lomwe latsimikizidwa ndi zomwe zimatulutsidwa papepala momwe wothandizirayo amakhala. Mwanjira iyi, ulalo umalumikizidwa ndi magwirizanidwe amphamvu kwambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha dollar. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina pamakhala chizolowezi chotchulira maulalo ogwiritsa ntchito INDIA "mtheradi." Mawu awa ali ndi syntax otsatirawa:

= INDIRECT (cell_link; [a1])

Ntchitoyi imakhala ndi mikangano iwiri, yoyamba yomwe ili ndi udindo, ndipo yachiwiri ilibe.

Kukangana Cell Link ndi cholumikizira chinthu chopambana papepala. Ndiye kuti uku ndi kulumikizana kwanthawi zonse, koma komwe kumakhala mawu osungidwa. Izi ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kuonetsetsa kuti katundu azitha kufotokozedwa kwathunthu.

Kukangana "a1" - osankha ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zina. Kugwiritsa ntchito ndikofunikira pokhapokha wosuta akasankha njira ina yosinthira, m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito ma bungwe a mtundu "A1" (mzati ali ndi dzina lailembo, ndi mizere - digito). Njira ina ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito kalembedwe "R1C1", momwe mzati, ngati mizere, umasonyezedwa ndi manambala. Mutha kusinthira mumachitidwe awa kudzera pazenera la Excel. Kenako, kugwiritsa ntchito wothandizira INDIAngati mkangano "a1" mtengo uyenera kuwonetsedwa FALSE. Ngati mukugwira ntchito ngati njira yolumikizirana, monga ogwiritsa ntchito ena ambiri, ndiye ngati mkangano "a1" mutha kutchula mtengo "ZOONA". Komabe, mtengo wake umafotokozedwa mwachisawawa, kotero kutsutsana kumakhala kosavuta kwambiri pankhaniyi. "a1" osatchula.

Tiyeni tiwone momwe mtheradi wosankhidwa mwadongosolo udzagwirira ntchito. INDIA, mwachitsanzo, tebulo lathu la malipiro.

1. Timasankha chinthu choyambirira cha mzati "Malipiro". Timayika chikwangwani "=". Monga tikumbukirira, chinthu choyamba pamafotokozedwe amawerengera malipiro ayenera kuyimiridwa ndi adilesi yoyandikira. Chifukwa chake, ingodinani khungu lomwe lili ndi malipiro ofanana (C4) Kutsatira momwe adilesi yake idawoneredwera ndikuwonetsa zotsatira, dinani batani chulukitsa (*) pa kiyibodi. Kenako tiyenera kupitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito opereshoni INDIA. Dinani pachizindikiro. "Ikani ntchito".



2. Pazenera lomwe limatseguka Ogwira Ntchito pitani pagawo Malingaliro ndi Kufika. Mwa mndandanda womwe waperekedwa wa mayina, timasiyanitsa dzinalo "INDIA". Kenako dinani batani "Zabwino".



3. Windo la otsutsana ndi ogwiritsira ntchito limagwira INDIA. Ili ndi magawo awiri omwe amagwirizana ndi zotsutsana za ntchitoyi.

   Ikani wolemba m'munda Cell Link. Ingodinani pachinthu chomwe chili papepala momwe cholimbikitsira kuwerengera malipiro (G3) Adilesi imawonekera pomwepo pamtunda wa zenera la mkangano. Ngati tikuchita ndi ntchito yanthawi zonse, ndiye kuti kuwongolera adilesiyo kumatha kuonedwa ngati kwathunthu, koma timagwiritsa ntchito INDIA. Monga momwe timakumbukirira, maadiresi omwe ali mmenemo ayenera kukhala amtundu. Chifukwa chake, timakulunga magwirizanidwe omwe amapezeka pamtunda windo ndi mawu olemba.

   Popeza timagwira ntchito pazogwirizanitsa zowonetsera, gawo "A1" siyani kanthu. Dinani batani "Zabwino".



4. Kugwiritsa ntchito kumawerengera ndikuwonetsa zotsatira zake mu pepala lokhala ndi chilinganizo.



5. Tsopano timatsatila njira iyi ku maselo ena onse m'ndandandawo "Malipiro" kugwiritsa ntchito chikhomo, monga momwe tinapangira kale. Monga mukuwonera, zotsatira zake zonse zidawerengedwa molondola.



6. Tiyeni tiwone momwe mawonekedwe amawonedwera mu imodzi mwamaselo momwe adalemba. Sankhani gawo lachiwiri la mzati ndikuyang'ana mzere wama formula. Monga mukuwonera, chinthu choyamba, chomwe ndi cholumikizana, chinasintha magwirizano awo. Nthawi yomweyo, kutsutsana kwa chinthu chachiwiri, chomwe chikuyimira ntchito INDIAsanasinthe. Poterepa, njira yokhazikika yotsimikiza idagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Phunziro: IFRS yothandizira ku Excel

Kulankhula kwathunthu m'matafura a Excel kumatha kukwaniritsidwa m'njira ziwiri: kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito ya INDIRECT ndikugwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchitoyo imakhala yolimbikitsa kwambiri ku adilesi. Adiresi yathunthu ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito maulalo osakanikirana.