Mpaka pano, madalaivala a Flash asintha malo ena onse osungira monga ma CD, ma DVD, ndi ma disk maginito. Kumbali yamagalimoto akuwongolera, zosavomerezeka zosakhazikitsidwa mwanjira yaying'ono ndi zambiri zazidziwitso zomwe angakwanitse. Zotsirizira, komabe, zimatengera fayilo yomwe mawonekedwe ake amayendetsedwa.
Chidule cha makina ambiri afayilo
Kodi dongosolo la fayilo ndi chiyani? Kunena zowonjezera, iyi ndi njira yolinganiza zinthu zomwe izi kapena zomwe OS zimamvetsetsa, ndikugawika kukhala zolemba komanso zowongolera zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya mafayilo masiku ano: FAT32, NTFS ndi exFAT. Makina a Ext4 ndi HFS (zosankha za Linux ndi Mac OS, motsatana) sitiganizira chifukwa chogwirizana kochepa.
Kufunika kwa mawonekedwe a fayilo yomwe yapatsidwa mutha kugawidwa m'njira zotsatirazi: zofunikira pa kachitidwe, momwe kuvalira kwa tchipisi kukumbukira ndi zoletsa pa kukula kwa mafayilo ndi mayendedwe. Ganizirani za mtundu uliwonse wamachitidwe atatu.
Werengani komanso:
Zida zabwino kwambiri pakupanga matayala amagetsi ndi disks
Malangizo posintha fayilo pa USB kungoyendetsa
Kugwirizana ndi zofunika pa kachitidwe
Mwinanso zofunikira kwambiri, makamaka ngati USB flash drive yakonzedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kulumikizana ndi zida zambiri pamakina osiyanasiyana.
Fat32
FAT32 - kachitidwe kachikale kwambiri pa zikalata zoyeneranso kukhala ndi chikwatu, komwe kanayambika pansi pa MS-DOS. Zimasiyana pamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa zonse - ngati mawonekedwe a flash drive adapangidwa mu FAT32, ndiye kuti mwina adzazindikira ndi zida zambiri, mosasamala kanthu kagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwira ntchito ndi FAT32 sikutanthauza kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa RAM ndi mphamvu ya processor.
NTFS
Dongosolo la fayilo ya Windows mosasintha kuyambira pakusintha kwa OS iyi kukhala zomangamanga za NT. Zida zogwirira ntchito ndi njirayi zilipo mu Windows ndi Linux, Mac OS. Komabe, pali zovuta zina zolumikizana ndi ma drive amtundu wa NTFS kupita ku ma radiyo agalimoto kapena osewera, makamaka kuchokera pamitundu yachiwiri, komanso Android ndi iOS kudzera pa OTG. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa RAM ndi pafupipafupi za CPU zofunikira pakugwirira ntchito zakula, poyerekeza ndi FAT32.
exFAT
Dzinalo limayimira "Extended FAT", yomwe imagwirizana ndi tanthauzo - exFAT ndipo pali FAT32 yowonjezereka komanso yowonjezereka. Kukhazikitsidwa ndi Microsoft makamaka pamagalimoto a Flash, kachitidwe kameneka ndi kofunikira kwambiri: mawonekedwe amtundu wotere amatha kulumikizidwa kumakompyuta omwe amayendetsa Windows (osatsika kuposa XP SP2), komanso ma foni a Android ndi iOS. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa RAM ndi liwiro la processor lofunidwa ndi dongosololi kwachuluka.
Monga mukuwonera, malinga ndi momwe zikuyendera komanso zofuna za kachitidwe, FAT32 ndiye mtsogoleri wopanda mbiri.
Zovuta pa kukumbukira kwa chip chip
Mwaukadaulo, kukumbukira kukumbukira kumakhala ndi nthawi yocheperako, zomwe zimatengera kuchuluka kwa magawo omwe alembanso, potengera mtundu wa chip chomwe chidayikidwa mu flash drive. Makina a fayilo, kutengera mawonekedwe ake, amatha kuwonjezera moyo wokumbukira kapena kuchepetsa.
Onaninso: Chingwe cha Flash Drive Health Checker
Fat32
Mwa kutsimikizira kwa kavalidwe, kachitidwe kameneka kamataya china chilichonse: chifukwa cha zozizwitsa za bungweli, limagwira bwino ntchito ndi mafayilo ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati, koma zimagawika kwambiri zomwe zalembedwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito azigwira pafupipafupi m'magawo osiyanasiyana ndipo, monga chotulukapo chake, chiwonjezeko cha kuchuluka kwa magawo azomwe mumawerenga. Chifukwa chake, kung'anima pagalimoto yopangidwa mu FAT32 sikungakhale kochepa.
NTFS
Ndi dongosololi, zinthu zili bwino kale. NTFS siyodalira pakugawika kwa mafayilo, kuphatikiza apo, yakhazikitsa kale kusinthidwa kwazomwe zimasinthidwa, zomwe zimakhudza kulimba kwa kuyendetsa. Komabe, kuchepa kwa pang'onopang'ono kwa dongosololi kumathetsa mwayi, ndipo mawonekedwe a kudula deta amakukakamizani kuti muzitha kukumbukira malo amodzi mobwerezabwereza ndikugwiritsanso ntchito cached, zomwe zimakhudzanso kulimba.
exFAT
Popeza exFAT idapangidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pamagalimoto ofunikira, anali opanga omwe adatchera khutu kwambiri kuti kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe sizikuyenda bwino. Chifukwa chazovuta pokonza ndikusunga ma data, zimachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe kazokonzanso, makamaka poyerekeza ndi FAT32 - ex-FAT ili ndi mapu pang'ono a malo omwe amapezeka, omwe amachepetsa kugawanika, chomwe ndichofunikira kwambiri pochepetsa moyo wamagalimoto oyendetsa.
Chifukwa cha zomwe tafotokozazi, titha kunena kuti exFAT ndiyomwe imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kukumbukira kukumbukira.
Zoletsa pa kukula kwa mafayilo ndi mayendedwe
Dongosolo ili limakhala lofunikira chaka chilichonse: kuchuluka kwa zidziwitso zosungidwa, komanso kuchuluka kwa zoyendetsa, zikukula pang'onopang'ono.
Fat32
Chifukwa chake tafika pakuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa fayilo iyi - mmenemo kuchuluka kwakukulu komwe kumakhala fayilo limodzi kumangokhala 4 GB. M'masiku a MS-DOS, izi zikhoza kuonedwa ngati chinthu chamtengo wapatali, koma masiku ano kuchepa kwamtunduwu kumabweretsa zovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, pali malire pa chiwerengero cha mafayilo omwe ali mufayilo ya mizu - osapitirira 512. Kumbali ina, pakhoza kukhala chiwerengero cha mafayilo muma foda omwe alibe mizu.
NTFS
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa NTFS ndi FAT32 yomwe kale idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuchuluka kopanda malire komwe izi kapena fayilo imatha kukhalamo. Zachidziwikire, pali zovuta zina, koma m'tsogolo sizotheka kuzikwaniritsa posachedwa. Momwemonso, kuchuluka kwa deta mu chikwatu sikumakhala zopanda malire, ngakhale kupitilira gawo lina kuli kowala ndi dontho lolimba la NTCHITO (NTFS). Ndizofunikiranso kudziwa kuti mufayilo ili mulibe malire a zilembo za dzina.
Onaninso: Zonse zokhudzana ndi kusanja ma drive mumtundu wa NTFS
exFAT
Kukula kwa kukula kovomerezeka kwa fayilo mu exFAT kumakulitsidwa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi NTFS - ndi zettabytes 16, zomwe ndi mazana mazana nthawi zomwe chiwonetsero chachikulu kwambiri chagalimoto chimapezeka pamsika. Panthawi yomwe zinthu zilipo, titha kuganiza kuti malirewo kulibe.
Pomaliza - NTFS ndi exFAT pafupifupi ali ofanana m'ndalamayi.
Fayilo iti yomwe muyenera kusankha
Potengera magawo onse, ma ExFAT ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira mafayilo, komabe, kulimba mtima kolimba pakapangidwe kotsika kungakupangitseni kuti musinthe makina ena. Mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe a flash osakwana 4 GB, omwe akukonzekera kulumikizidwa ndi wayilesi yamagalimoto, amapangidwa bwino kwambiri mu FAT32: kuyenderana bwino, kuthamanga kwa mafayilo ndi zosowa zochepa za RAM. Kuphatikiza apo, ma disks a boot omwe amakhazikitsanso Windows ndiofunikira kutero mu FAT32.
Zambiri:
Timapanga disk disk kuchokera pa driveable flash drive
Momwe mungasungire nyimbo pa drive drive kuti izitha kuwerengedwa ndi wailesi
Flash imayendetsa zazikulu kuposa 32 GB, pomwe zikalata ndi mafayilo akulu amasungidwa, ndizabwino kwambiri polemba mu exFAT. Dongosolo ili ndiloyenera ntchito zamayendedwe oterowo chifukwa kufalikira komwe kulibe kukula komanso kugawika kochepa. ExFat ndi yoyeneranso kusungidwa kwakutali kwa chidziwitso china chifukwa chakuchepa kwa kuvala kwa kukumbukira kwa tchipisi.
Poyerekeza ndi momwe machitidwe awa amafunira, NTFS imawoneka ngati yolowera - ndi yoyenera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe nthawi zina amafunika kukopera kapena kusunthira deta yayikulu komanso yayikulu pamagalimoto ang'onoang'ono.
Kuti tifotokoze mwachidule zonse pamwambapa, tikuwona kuti kusankha fayilo ya fayilo kuyenera kufanana ndi ntchito ndi cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito drive drive yanu. Mukamagula drive yatsopano, ganizirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, ndipo potengera izi, phatikizani mu pulogalamu yoyenera kwambiri.
